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Authors Shen J, Zhu X, Fei J, Shi P, Yu S, Zhou J
Received 14 December 2017
Accepted for publication 17 March 2018
Published 15 May 2018 Volume 2018:11 Pages 2831—2841
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/OTT.S159829
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single-blind
Peer reviewers approved by Dr Cristina Weinberg
Peer reviewer comments 2
Editor who approved publication: Dr Faris Farassati
Abstract: Ovarian
cancer is the leading cause of female gynecological cancer mortality. Most
patients with ovarian cancer are diagnosed with advanced stage because of lack
of early symptoms, physical signs, and sensitive tumor biomarkers. The standard
treatment includes cytoreductive surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy
(usually platinum combined with paclitaxel). Despite that postoperative
adjuvant chemotherapy prolongs survival time, most patients go through relapse
within 6–12 months after the treatment. Thus, elucidating the molecular
mechanism in cancer development is essential to promote early diagnosis and
novel treatments. The role of exosome has been highlighted in multiple research
fields in recent years. Exosome has been described as nano-sized vesicle
secreted by multiple mammalian cell types, carrying cargos like proteins,
miRNAs, mRNAs, and lipids. It participates in the formation of tumor
microenvironment and the development of tumorigenesis and drug resistance in
ovarian cancer. Meanwhile, it may also play a pivotal role in diagnosis,
efficacy evaluation, and prognosis. Besides, studies show that exosome and its
processed products have promising value in ovarian cancer treatment. The aim of
the current review is to describe the characteristics of exosome in ovarian
cancer, especially focusing on its role in immune modulation and drug
resistance, hoping to provide new information on its implications in cancer
diagnosis and treatment.
Keywords: ovarian cancer, exosome, tumor development, immune regulation, drug
resistance, diagnosis, treatment