Abstract: A high titer of neutralizing anti-interferon-γ autoantibodies can cause immunodeficiency associated with severe or disseminated infections caused by Talaromyces marneffei  in human immunodeficiency virus-negative patients. Herein, we reported a rare case of disseminated Talaromyces marneffei  and Burkholderia cepacia  infection. The patient’s lungs, lymph nodes, and bronchi were involved, and he had neck abscesses and osteomyelitis. We measured the neutralizing anti-interferon-γ autoantibodies in the peripheral blood and found that the patient had a persistently high positive titer. Despite aggressive treatment, the patient developed disseminated intravascular coagulation and died. Thus, high-titer nAIGAs may be associated with multiple opportunistic, persistent and disseminated infections.
Keywords: Burkholderia cepacia , Talaromyces marneffei , adult immunodeficiency, neutralizing anti-interferon-γ autoantibodies