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已发表论文
冬凌草甲素调节巨噬细胞极化的机制：综述
Authors Han Y, Zheng Z, Chen M, Xie K
Received 27 September 2025
Accepted for publication 14 November 2025
Published 26 November 2025 Volume 2025:18 Pages 16545—16560
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/JIR.S568133
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 3
Editor who approved publication: Dr Junhao Wang
Yingying Han,1,* Zhenping Zheng,2,* Mo Chen,3 Kangjie Xie1,3
1Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Anesthesiology, People’s Hospital of Qiannan Autonomous Prefecture, Qiannan, 558000, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Anesthesiology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 310022, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Kangjie Xie, Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People’s Republic of China, Email xiekj9261@126.com
Abstract: Oridonin(Ori), a natural ent-kaurane diterpenoid derived from the medicinal herb Rabdosia rubescens, has garnered significant interest for its potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. A key mechanism underlying these effects is its ability to regulate polarization. This review elaborates on the multifaceted mechanisms by which Ori modulates macrophage, extending beyond the inhibition of pro-inflammatory signaling pathways. We highlight its emerging role in metabolic reprogramming by shifting the functional balance from a pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype towards an anti-inflammatory and tissue-reparative M2 phenotype. Ori exhibits therapeutic potential not only in cancer and but also in a broad spectrum of other conditions, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, rheumatoid arthritis, colitis, asthma, atherosclerosis, and sepsis. However, the clinical translation of Ori is severely hampered by its unfavorable pharmacokinetic properties, such as poor aqueous solubility and low oral bioavailability. We conclude by discussing future perspectives, emphasizing the need for advanced drug delivery systems, the integration of multi-omics technologies to thoroughly map macrophage responses, and the application of network pharmacology and artificial intelligence to propel the rational development of oridonin as a novel macrophage-centric therapeutic agent.
Keywords: oridonin, macrophage polarization, tumor, inflammation
1Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Anesthesiology, People’s Hospital of Qiannan Autonomous Prefecture, Qiannan, 558000, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Anesthesiology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 310022, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Kangjie Xie, Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People’s Republic of China, Email xiekj9261@126.com
Abstract: Oridonin(Ori), a natural ent-kaurane diterpenoid derived from the medicinal herb Rabdosia rubescens, has garnered significant interest for its potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. A key mechanism underlying these effects is its ability to regulate polarization. This review elaborates on the multifaceted mechanisms by which Ori modulates macrophage, extending beyond the inhibition of pro-inflammatory signaling pathways. We highlight its emerging role in metabolic reprogramming by shifting the functional balance from a pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype towards an anti-inflammatory and tissue-reparative M2 phenotype. Ori exhibits therapeutic potential not only in cancer and but also in a broad spectrum of other conditions, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, rheumatoid arthritis, colitis, asthma, atherosclerosis, and sepsis. However, the clinical translation of Ori is severely hampered by its unfavorable pharmacokinetic properties, such as poor aqueous solubility and low oral bioavailability. We conclude by discussing future perspectives, emphasizing the need for advanced drug delivery systems, the integration of multi-omics technologies to thoroughly map macrophage responses, and the application of network pharmacology and artificial intelligence to propel the rational development of oridonin as a novel macrophage-centric therapeutic agent.
Keywords: oridonin, macrophage polarization, tumor, inflammation