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已发表论文
再生医学中负载生物活性剂的异种骨支架新兴策略：综述
Authors Zhang J, Qin W, Yue W, Zhang W, Zhao Y, Xu G
Received 15 August 2025
Accepted for publication 24 November 2025
Published 3 December 2025 Volume 2025:19 Pages 10665—10690
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/DDDT.S560876
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 2
Editor who approved publication: Professor Anastasios Lymperopoulos
Jing Zhang,1,2 Wenhe Qin,1,2 Wenjie Yue,1,2 Wanhao Zhang,1,2 Yantao Zhao,3,4 Gang Xu1,2
1Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, People’s Republic of China; 2Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism for Repair and Remodeling of Orthopaedic Diseases (Liaoning Province), Dalian, 116011, People’s Republic of China; 3Senior Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, People’s Republic of China; 4Beijing Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Implants, Beijing, 100048, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Gang Xu, Email xugang@dmu.edu.cn
Abstract: The escalating global burden of an aging population and the rising incidence of secondary traumatic injuries have precipitated a mounting worldwide demand for bone grafts. However, autologous bone transplantation-the prevailing clinical “gold standard”-remains insufficient to meet this growing clinical need. Notably, rapid advancements in bone tissue engineering (BTE) have yielded diverse bone graft substitutes designed to recapitulate the three essential characteristics of bone tissue: osteoconductivity, osteoinductivity, and osteogenic potential. Within this domain, core scaffolds functioning as carriers for bioactive agents represent a highly promising strategy for treating bone defects. This review focuses on the design and fabrication of optimal xenogeneic bone scaffolds. It systematically examines commonly loaded bioactive components, including bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), platelet-rich plasma (PRP), natural products, active ingredients derived from traditional Chinese medicine ingredients (TCMs), and exosomes. The advantages and limitations inherent to these agents are critically analyzed. Furthermore, the review addresses current challenges and explores future research directions in bone scaffold engineering. By advancing multimodal strategies for modulating the delivery of bioactive agents, we aim to provide more effective therapeutic solutions for patients with critical bone defects.
Keywords: xenograft bone scaffolds, bone morphogenetic proteins, platelet-rich plasma, natural products, traditional Chinese medicine
1Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, People’s Republic of China; 2Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism for Repair and Remodeling of Orthopaedic Diseases (Liaoning Province), Dalian, 116011, People’s Republic of China; 3Senior Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, People’s Republic of China; 4Beijing Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Implants, Beijing, 100048, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Gang Xu, Email xugang@dmu.edu.cn
Abstract: The escalating global burden of an aging population and the rising incidence of secondary traumatic injuries have precipitated a mounting worldwide demand for bone grafts. However, autologous bone transplantation-the prevailing clinical “gold standard”-remains insufficient to meet this growing clinical need. Notably, rapid advancements in bone tissue engineering (BTE) have yielded diverse bone graft substitutes designed to recapitulate the three essential characteristics of bone tissue: osteoconductivity, osteoinductivity, and osteogenic potential. Within this domain, core scaffolds functioning as carriers for bioactive agents represent a highly promising strategy for treating bone defects. This review focuses on the design and fabrication of optimal xenogeneic bone scaffolds. It systematically examines commonly loaded bioactive components, including bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), platelet-rich plasma (PRP), natural products, active ingredients derived from traditional Chinese medicine ingredients (TCMs), and exosomes. The advantages and limitations inherent to these agents are critically analyzed. Furthermore, the review addresses current challenges and explores future research directions in bone scaffold engineering. By advancing multimodal strategies for modulating the delivery of bioactive agents, we aim to provide more effective therapeutic solutions for patients with critical bone defects.
Keywords: xenograft bone scaffolds, bone morphogenetic proteins, platelet-rich plasma, natural products, traditional Chinese medicine