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已发表论文
通过液体活检中的游离 RNA 进行肺癌诊断及预后监测
Authors Pan Y , Jiang C, Ye M, Li D , Wang J
Received 23 May 2025
Accepted for publication 21 November 2025
Published 2 December 2025 Volume 2025:21 Pages 1615—1636
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/TCRM.S542338
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 3
Editor who approved publication: Professor De Yun Wang
Yuanming Pan,1,* Chongbo Jiang,2,* Mengchan Ye,3,* Dongmei Li,3 Jinghui Wang1
1Cancer Research Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, 101149, People’s Republic of China; 2Beiqing Road Outpatient Department, Northern Medical Branch of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100094, People’s Republic of China; 3Key Laboratory of High Incidence Diseases of Localities and Ethnic Minorities in Xinjiang, School of Medicine, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, 832000, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Jinghui Wang, Cancer Research Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, No. 9 Beiguan Street, Tongzhou District, Beijing, 101149, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-10-89509372, Email jinghuiwang2006@163.com Dongmei Li, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, School of Medicine, Shihezi University Medical College, No. 221 Beisi Road, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-0993-2057882, Email lidong_abc@126.com
Abstract: Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, largely due to challenges in its early detection and effective management. Despite advances in treatment modalities, the complex nature of lung cancer, characterized by its molecular heterogeneity and resistance mechanisms, underscores the need for innovative approaches. Cell-free RNA (cfRNA) has emerged as a promising biomarker with significant clinical applications in lung cancer diagnosis, monitoring, and precision medicine. We explore key themes including the utility of cfRNA in early detection, differentiation between benign and malignant lung nodules, molecular subtyping, and real-time therapeutic monitoring. Advances in liquid biopsy technologies, particularly non-invasive cfRNA analysis, provide dynamic means of tracking tumor evolution. cfRNA biomarkers such as miRNA, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs offer unique insights into tumor biology, paving the way for personalized treatment strategies. Further, we discuss the application of cutting-edge technologies such as AI-driven analytics, next-generation sequencing, and multi-omics integration, which are enhancing the clinical utility of cfRNA in identifying treatment resistance and improving outcomes in immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and chemotherapy. The review addresses significant challenges facing cfRNA applications, including pre-analytical variability, technical limitations in detection methods, economic constraints, and the lack of standardization in clinical protocols. Through multidisciplinary collaborations and standardized methodologies, significant progress can be made toward integrating cfRNA into routine clinical practice. Emphasis is placed on future research directions, which include validating cfRNA biomarkers across diverse populations, streamlining workflows, and addressing scalability issues for real-world applications. This comprehensive exploration positions cfRNA at the forefront of innovations in lung cancer management, offering a pathway for improved diagnostic accuracy and individualized care.
Keywords: cell-free RNA, lung cancer, liquid biopsy, early detection, precision medicine
1Cancer Research Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, 101149, People’s Republic of China; 2Beiqing Road Outpatient Department, Northern Medical Branch of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100094, People’s Republic of China; 3Key Laboratory of High Incidence Diseases of Localities and Ethnic Minorities in Xinjiang, School of Medicine, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, 832000, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Jinghui Wang, Cancer Research Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, No. 9 Beiguan Street, Tongzhou District, Beijing, 101149, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-10-89509372, Email jinghuiwang2006@163.com Dongmei Li, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, School of Medicine, Shihezi University Medical College, No. 221 Beisi Road, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-0993-2057882, Email lidong_abc@126.com
Abstract: Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, largely due to challenges in its early detection and effective management. Despite advances in treatment modalities, the complex nature of lung cancer, characterized by its molecular heterogeneity and resistance mechanisms, underscores the need for innovative approaches. Cell-free RNA (cfRNA) has emerged as a promising biomarker with significant clinical applications in lung cancer diagnosis, monitoring, and precision medicine. We explore key themes including the utility of cfRNA in early detection, differentiation between benign and malignant lung nodules, molecular subtyping, and real-time therapeutic monitoring. Advances in liquid biopsy technologies, particularly non-invasive cfRNA analysis, provide dynamic means of tracking tumor evolution. cfRNA biomarkers such as miRNA, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs offer unique insights into tumor biology, paving the way for personalized treatment strategies. Further, we discuss the application of cutting-edge technologies such as AI-driven analytics, next-generation sequencing, and multi-omics integration, which are enhancing the clinical utility of cfRNA in identifying treatment resistance and improving outcomes in immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and chemotherapy. The review addresses significant challenges facing cfRNA applications, including pre-analytical variability, technical limitations in detection methods, economic constraints, and the lack of standardization in clinical protocols. Through multidisciplinary collaborations and standardized methodologies, significant progress can be made toward integrating cfRNA into routine clinical practice. Emphasis is placed on future research directions, which include validating cfRNA biomarkers across diverse populations, streamlining workflows, and addressing scalability issues for real-world applications. This comprehensive exploration positions cfRNA at the forefront of innovations in lung cancer management, offering a pathway for improved diagnostic accuracy and individualized care.
Keywords: cell-free RNA, lung cancer, liquid biopsy, early detection, precision medicine