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已发表论文
养老院老年人听力障碍和吞咽困难与认知衰弱之间的关联
Authors Yuan J, Wang X, Song J, Zhuo Y, Yang X, Jiang Y, Yang X, Li Y
Received 15 June 2025
Accepted for publication 19 November 2025
Published 1 December 2025 Volume 2025:20 Pages 2293—2301
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S547235
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 4
Editor who approved publication: Dr Zhi-Ying Wu
Jiamin Yuan,1,* Xiaoling Wang,1,* Jiao Song,1 Yan Zhuo,2 Xue Yang,1 Yangyang Jiang,1 Xiaorong Yang,3 Ying Li1
1The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China; 2West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Outpatient Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University / West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Ying Li, Email yingli@scu.edu.cn Xiaorong Yang, Email yang_xr@scu.edu.cn
Objective: To establish the prevalence of cognitive frailty (CF) among older adults residing in nursing homes and to evaluate the relationship between this condition and the prevalence of hearing impairment and dysphagia.
Measurements: A cross-sectional study of 451 individuals 60+ years of age living in nursing homes in Chengdu, Sichuan, China. The FRAIL and Chinese Mini Mental Status (CMMS) scales were respectively employed to measure physical frailty (PF) and cognitive functionality, with the results being used to separate subjects into four groups: cognitively intact non-PF individuals (“robust” group), cognitively impaired non-PF individuals (“MCI-only” group), cognitively intact individuals with PF (“PF only” group), and cognitively impaired individuals with PF (“CF” group). Individuals in these groups were evaluated for demographic characteristics, geriatric syndrome, and disease status. Hearing impairment was screened by self-report, and dysphagia was screened using the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10). Risk factors were evaluated through a stepwise logistic regression approach.
Results: In total, 451 individuals (144 male, 307 female; mean age: 84.15± 5.63 years) were enrolled in this study. CF was found it impact 18.6% of this cohort. Risk factors significantly associated with CF in stepwise logistic regression analyses included hearing impairment (P=0.008, OR=3.936, 95% CI=1.433– 10.813) and dysphagia (P=0.046, OR=3.441, 95% CI=1.021– 11.601). The CF group also contained a larger proportion of individuals affected by dysphagia and hearing impairment relative to the MCI-only and robust groups, respectively.
Conclusion: CF affects approximately 20% of older adults in nursing home environments, and both hearing impairment and dysphagia are strongly associated with an increased risk of CF.
Keywords: cognitive frailty, dysphagia, hearing loss, nursing homes
1The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China; 2West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Outpatient Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University / West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Ying Li, Email yingli@scu.edu.cn Xiaorong Yang, Email yang_xr@scu.edu.cn
Objective: To establish the prevalence of cognitive frailty (CF) among older adults residing in nursing homes and to evaluate the relationship between this condition and the prevalence of hearing impairment and dysphagia.
Measurements: A cross-sectional study of 451 individuals 60+ years of age living in nursing homes in Chengdu, Sichuan, China. The FRAIL and Chinese Mini Mental Status (CMMS) scales were respectively employed to measure physical frailty (PF) and cognitive functionality, with the results being used to separate subjects into four groups: cognitively intact non-PF individuals (“robust” group), cognitively impaired non-PF individuals (“MCI-only” group), cognitively intact individuals with PF (“PF only” group), and cognitively impaired individuals with PF (“CF” group). Individuals in these groups were evaluated for demographic characteristics, geriatric syndrome, and disease status. Hearing impairment was screened by self-report, and dysphagia was screened using the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10). Risk factors were evaluated through a stepwise logistic regression approach.
Results: In total, 451 individuals (144 male, 307 female; mean age: 84.15± 5.63 years) were enrolled in this study. CF was found it impact 18.6% of this cohort. Risk factors significantly associated with CF in stepwise logistic regression analyses included hearing impairment (P=0.008, OR=3.936, 95% CI=1.433– 10.813) and dysphagia (P=0.046, OR=3.441, 95% CI=1.021– 11.601). The CF group also contained a larger proportion of individuals affected by dysphagia and hearing impairment relative to the MCI-only and robust groups, respectively.
Conclusion: CF affects approximately 20% of older adults in nursing home environments, and both hearing impairment and dysphagia are strongly associated with an increased risk of CF.
Keywords: cognitive frailty, dysphagia, hearing loss, nursing homes