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已发表论文
探究 CSTF1 在肝细胞癌中的预后生物标志物潜力及其与免疫浸润的相关性
Authors Aimaiti M, Maimaitituxun D, Yilihaer X, Kuerban T, Zhu J, Ainiwaer M, Jia Z, Abudourousuli A
Received 16 July 2025
Accepted for publication 26 November 2025
Published 11 December 2025 Volume 2025:12 Pages 2693—2707
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/JHC.S552710
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 3
Editor who approved publication: Dr David Gerber
Maimaitiming Aimaiti,1,* Dilimulati Maimaitituxun,2,* Xiaokaiti Yilihaer,2 Talifujiang Kuerban,3 Junling Zhu,4 Mieradilijiang Ainiwaer,5 Zhiqiang Jia,3 Ainiwaerjiang Abudourousuli4,6,7
1Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Kashi Prefecture, Xinjiang, Kashi, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Surgical Oncology, The First People’s Hospital of Kashi Prefecture, Xinjiang, Kashi, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Tumor Internal Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Kashi Prefecture, Xinjiang, Kashi, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Pathology, The First People’s Hospital of Kashi Prefecture, Xinjiang, Kashi, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of General Surgery, Xinjiang Kashi Uygur Medical Hospital, Xinjiang, Kashi, People’s Republic of China; 6Kashi Prefecture Cancer Research Institute, The First People’s Hospital of Kashi Prefecture, Xinjiang, Kashi, People’s Republic of China; 7Institute of Etiology and Metabolic Diseases in Pamir Plateau Area, Kashi University, Xinjinag, Kashi, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Zhiqiang Jia, Department of Tumor Internal Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Kashi Prefecture, Xinjiang, Kashi, People’s Republic of China, Email 12664494@qq.com Ainiwaerjiang Abudourousuli, Department of Pathology, The First People’s Hospital of Kashi Prefecture, Xinjiang, Kashi, People’s Republic of China, Email abudursli@mail2.sysu.edu.cn
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a aggressive cancer associated with high morbidity and mortality globally. Reliable biomarkers are urgently needed to enhance diagnostic accuracy and survival outcomes in patients with HCC. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of cleavage stimulation factor subunit 1 (CSTF1) in HCC.
Methods: CSTF1 expression in different cancer types, including HCC, was analyzed using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess CSTF1 expression in clinical samples. Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate associations between CSTF1 expression and the clinical characteristics of patients with HCC. Furthermore, Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed to identify signaling pathways and biological functions linked to differentially expressed genes. The prognostic significance of CSTF1 in HCC was assessed via the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox univariate and multivariate analyses. Immune cell infiltration was investigated through single-sample GSEA and the CIBERSORT algorithm. Three nomograms were constructed to predict overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and progression free interval (PFI) rates at 1, 3, and 5 years after diagnosis.
Results: CSTF1 expression was elevated in HCC cases and closely correlated with multiple clinical features. Elevated CSTF1 expression was strongly associated with various cancer-related pathways and the immune microenvironment. The Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that elevated CSTF1 expression predicts poorer prognostic outcomes in individuals with HCC. CSTF1 hypermethylation was also related to poor patient outcomes. The constructed nomograms for OS, DSS, and PFI achieved concordance indices of 0.631, 0.719 and 0.787, respectively.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that CSTF1 can serve as a novel prognostic biomarker for HCC. Evidence from immunohistochemistry and bioinformatics analyses supports CSTF1 as a prognostic indicator and a potential therapeutic target. This discovery could enhance diagnostic precision and improve survival outcomes for patients with HCC.
Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, CSTF1, prognostic biomarker, immunodulation, tumor microenvironment
1Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Kashi Prefecture, Xinjiang, Kashi, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Surgical Oncology, The First People’s Hospital of Kashi Prefecture, Xinjiang, Kashi, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Tumor Internal Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Kashi Prefecture, Xinjiang, Kashi, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Pathology, The First People’s Hospital of Kashi Prefecture, Xinjiang, Kashi, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of General Surgery, Xinjiang Kashi Uygur Medical Hospital, Xinjiang, Kashi, People’s Republic of China; 6Kashi Prefecture Cancer Research Institute, The First People’s Hospital of Kashi Prefecture, Xinjiang, Kashi, People’s Republic of China; 7Institute of Etiology and Metabolic Diseases in Pamir Plateau Area, Kashi University, Xinjinag, Kashi, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Zhiqiang Jia, Department of Tumor Internal Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Kashi Prefecture, Xinjiang, Kashi, People’s Republic of China, Email 12664494@qq.com Ainiwaerjiang Abudourousuli, Department of Pathology, The First People’s Hospital of Kashi Prefecture, Xinjiang, Kashi, People’s Republic of China, Email abudursli@mail2.sysu.edu.cn
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a aggressive cancer associated with high morbidity and mortality globally. Reliable biomarkers are urgently needed to enhance diagnostic accuracy and survival outcomes in patients with HCC. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of cleavage stimulation factor subunit 1 (CSTF1) in HCC.
Methods: CSTF1 expression in different cancer types, including HCC, was analyzed using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess CSTF1 expression in clinical samples. Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate associations between CSTF1 expression and the clinical characteristics of patients with HCC. Furthermore, Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed to identify signaling pathways and biological functions linked to differentially expressed genes. The prognostic significance of CSTF1 in HCC was assessed via the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox univariate and multivariate analyses. Immune cell infiltration was investigated through single-sample GSEA and the CIBERSORT algorithm. Three nomograms were constructed to predict overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and progression free interval (PFI) rates at 1, 3, and 5 years after diagnosis.
Results: CSTF1 expression was elevated in HCC cases and closely correlated with multiple clinical features. Elevated CSTF1 expression was strongly associated with various cancer-related pathways and the immune microenvironment. The Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that elevated CSTF1 expression predicts poorer prognostic outcomes in individuals with HCC. CSTF1 hypermethylation was also related to poor patient outcomes. The constructed nomograms for OS, DSS, and PFI achieved concordance indices of 0.631, 0.719 and 0.787, respectively.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that CSTF1 can serve as a novel prognostic biomarker for HCC. Evidence from immunohistochemistry and bioinformatics analyses supports CSTF1 as a prognostic indicator and a potential therapeutic target. This discovery could enhance diagnostic precision and improve survival outcomes for patients with HCC.
Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, CSTF1, prognostic biomarker, immunodulation, tumor microenvironment