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已发表论文
曹黄桂香方改善全身性白色念珠菌感染的作用机制探究：基于网络药理学与动物实验的整合研究
Authors Yue H , Liu S, Bai Y, Zhu W, Tian J, Xu X, Liu Q
Received 2 July 2025
Accepted for publication 14 November 2025
Published 9 December 2025 Volume 2025:18 Pages 17271—17287
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/JIR.S551135
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 2
Editor who approved publication: Dr Xin Du
Huizhen Yue,1,2,* Shuhua Liu,1,* Yinglu Bai,1 Wenjing Zhu,3 Jinhao Tian,3 Xiaolong Xu,1,2 Qingquan Liu1,2
1Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Research Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Beijing Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 3Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Xiaolong Xu, Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, Email xiaolong_xu3013@126.com Qingquan Liu, Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, Email liuqingquan_2003@126.com
Purpose: CaoHuangGuiXiang (CHGX) formula is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) used for the treatment of Candida-related infections. In this study, we adopted a comprehensive approach integrating network pharmacology and animal validation to investigate the potential targets and underlying mechanisms of the CHGX formula against systemic candidiasis.
Methods: Active ingredients and potential targets of CHGX were identified via the TCMSP, Swiss Target Prediction, and TCMID databases. Systemic Candida infection targets were retrieved from the GeneCards and OMIM databases. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of common targets was constructed via STRING, followed by topological analysis to identify hub nodes. Functional enrichment analyses were conducted via Metascape. Molecular docking studies were performed via AutoDock. A murine model of systemic Candida albicans infection was established to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of CHGX formula.
Results: A total of 103 active compounds and 279 potential targets of the CHGX formula were identified, yielding 53 common targets between Candida infection-related targets and drug-related targets. Topological analysis of the PPI network identified 15 core targets, 25 significantly enriched KEGG pathways, and 38 enriched GO terms. Molecular docking studies demonstrated robust binding affinity between key CHGX compounds and the identified core targets. In vivo animal experiments revealed that CHGX significantly reduced mortality, improved body weight, mitigated renal pathology, decreased the kidney index, reduced the fungal burden, and alleviated tissue damage in systemic Candida infection. Furthermore, CHGX exerts immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects by modulating macrophage and Th17/Treg cell populations, as well as by regulating cytokines levels.
Conclusion: This study elucidates the potential multi-pathway and multi-target mechanisms underlying the therapeutic efficacy of the CHGX formula against Candida infectious diseases, indicating its potential as a novel alternative antifungal drug and providing a scientific basis for its clinical application and further development.
Keywords: CaoHuangGuiXiang formula, systemic candidiasis, network pharmacology, antifungal activity, anti-inflammatory effect
1Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Research Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Beijing Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 3Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Xiaolong Xu, Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, Email xiaolong_xu3013@126.com Qingquan Liu, Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, Email liuqingquan_2003@126.com
Purpose: CaoHuangGuiXiang (CHGX) formula is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) used for the treatment of Candida-related infections. In this study, we adopted a comprehensive approach integrating network pharmacology and animal validation to investigate the potential targets and underlying mechanisms of the CHGX formula against systemic candidiasis.
Methods: Active ingredients and potential targets of CHGX were identified via the TCMSP, Swiss Target Prediction, and TCMID databases. Systemic Candida infection targets were retrieved from the GeneCards and OMIM databases. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of common targets was constructed via STRING, followed by topological analysis to identify hub nodes. Functional enrichment analyses were conducted via Metascape. Molecular docking studies were performed via AutoDock. A murine model of systemic Candida albicans infection was established to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of CHGX formula.
Results: A total of 103 active compounds and 279 potential targets of the CHGX formula were identified, yielding 53 common targets between Candida infection-related targets and drug-related targets. Topological analysis of the PPI network identified 15 core targets, 25 significantly enriched KEGG pathways, and 38 enriched GO terms. Molecular docking studies demonstrated robust binding affinity between key CHGX compounds and the identified core targets. In vivo animal experiments revealed that CHGX significantly reduced mortality, improved body weight, mitigated renal pathology, decreased the kidney index, reduced the fungal burden, and alleviated tissue damage in systemic Candida infection. Furthermore, CHGX exerts immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects by modulating macrophage and Th17/Treg cell populations, as well as by regulating cytokines levels.
Conclusion: This study elucidates the potential multi-pathway and multi-target mechanisms underlying the therapeutic efficacy of the CHGX formula against Candida infectious diseases, indicating its potential as a novel alternative antifungal drug and providing a scientific basis for its clinical application and further development.
Keywords: CaoHuangGuiXiang formula, systemic candidiasis, network pharmacology, antifungal activity, anti-inflammatory effect