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已发表论文
间充质干细胞来源的外泌体在眼部疾病中的应用：治疗机制与临床展望
Authors Cheng S, Ma Y, Huang F, Luo R, Han L, He L, Yuan ZX
Received 23 July 2025
Accepted for publication 23 November 2025
Published 6 December 2025 Volume 2025:20 Pages 14521—14550
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S555771
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 4
Editor who approved publication: Dr Krishna Nune
Shuangjiang Cheng,1 Yafei Ma,1 Fenglan Huang,2 Rong Luo,2 Lu Han,1 Lili He,1 Zhi-Xiang Yuan1
1Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Ethnic Medicine Processing and Preparation on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, College of Pharmacy and Food, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China; 2West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Lili He; Zhi-Xiang Yuan, College of Pharmacy and Food, Southwest Minzu University, No. 168, Wenxing Section, Dajian Road, Shuangliu District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-18628270031 ; +86-18683618863, Email lilihes@163.com; zhixiang-yuan@hotmail.com
Abstract: Ocular diseases represent a major and increasing public health concern. Although current treatment options are available, the management of complex cases, such as corneal diseases, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, and uveitis, remains inadequate. Recent studies have demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos), obtained from bone marrow, adipose tissue, and umbilical cord, have emerged as a promising cell-free therapeutic platform for various ocular diseases. These nanovesicles can be delivered via systems such as topical eye drops and intravitreal injection, targeting ocular tissues to exert anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and tissue-repairing effects. This review systematically synthesizes recent advances and the molecular mechanisms underlying the use of MSC-Exos in treating ocular diseases. Moreover, it provides an in-depth discussion of the challenges in the clinical application of MSC-Exos in ophthalmology, including standardized production, dosage optimization, delivery system improvement, and targeting enhancement, and proposes engineered targeting strategies based on surface modification and carrier optimization. Overall, this work establishes a rigorous framework for advancing MSC-Exos from experimental models to clinical implementation, offering novel therapeutic strategies through these innovative biopharmaceuticals for previously untreatable ocular conditions.
Keywords: mesenchymal stem cells, targeted therapy, exosomes, ocular diseases, therapeutic mechanisms
1Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Ethnic Medicine Processing and Preparation on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, College of Pharmacy and Food, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China; 2West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Lili He; Zhi-Xiang Yuan, College of Pharmacy and Food, Southwest Minzu University, No. 168, Wenxing Section, Dajian Road, Shuangliu District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-18628270031 ; +86-18683618863, Email lilihes@163.com; zhixiang-yuan@hotmail.com
Abstract: Ocular diseases represent a major and increasing public health concern. Although current treatment options are available, the management of complex cases, such as corneal diseases, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, and uveitis, remains inadequate. Recent studies have demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos), obtained from bone marrow, adipose tissue, and umbilical cord, have emerged as a promising cell-free therapeutic platform for various ocular diseases. These nanovesicles can be delivered via systems such as topical eye drops and intravitreal injection, targeting ocular tissues to exert anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and tissue-repairing effects. This review systematically synthesizes recent advances and the molecular mechanisms underlying the use of MSC-Exos in treating ocular diseases. Moreover, it provides an in-depth discussion of the challenges in the clinical application of MSC-Exos in ophthalmology, including standardized production, dosage optimization, delivery system improvement, and targeting enhancement, and proposes engineered targeting strategies based on surface modification and carrier optimization. Overall, this work establishes a rigorous framework for advancing MSC-Exos from experimental models to clinical implementation, offering novel therapeutic strategies through these innovative biopharmaceuticals for previously untreatable ocular conditions.
Keywords: mesenchymal stem cells, targeted therapy, exosomes, ocular diseases, therapeutic mechanisms