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度普利尤单抗治疗重症哮喘患者后出现严重干咳伴嗜酸性粒细胞增多但无肺部浸润的病例系列(共5例)

 

Authors Chen Y , Xie J

Received 7 July 2025

Accepted for publication 26 November 2025

Published 17 December 2025 Volume 2025:18 Pages 17759—17768

DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/JIR.S545661

Checked for plagiarism Yes

Review by Single anonymous peer review

Peer reviewer comments 4

Editor who approved publication: Dr Tara Strutt

Yan Chen, Jiaxing Xie

Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China

Correspondence: Jiaxing Xie, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510140, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-020-81568591, Email jiaxingxie@126.com

Purpose: Dupilumab is known to cause transient, asymptomatic eosinophilia, but in rare cases it can present as eosinophilic pneumonia accompanied by cough. This study reports a distinct manifestation of dupilumab-related eosinophilia presenting as a severe dry cough despite the absence of radiological or clinical evidence of eosinophilic pneumonia.
Patients and Methods: A retrospective analysis of clinical data from patients with severe eosinophilic asthma (SEA) treated with dupilumab at the Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease between August 2020 and February 2025 was conducted. Data on clinical manifestations, objective indicators and subjective questionnaires were collected at four time-points: before dupilumab initiation, preceding dupilumab-related cough, during the cough episode, and after cough resolution.
Results: Five patients treated with dupilumab (three males and two females with a mean age of 65.6 ± 9.2 years) developed a severe dry cough and marked eosinophilia (1,130– 4,050 cells/μL) without radiologic or clinical evidence of eosinophilic pneumonia. The cough began after one to eleven dupilumab courses. Despite the increase in eosinophils, all patients achieved their personal best FEV1 versus baseline. The symptoms resolved with a short course of systemic corticosteroids (in four patients) or antitussive therapy alone (in one patient).
Conclusion: Dupilumab-related eosinophilia can manifest as a severe, steroid-responsive coughing despite the absence of parenchymal eosinophilic disease.

Keywords: severe eosinophilic asthma, dupilumab, adverse effect, severe dry cough