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已发表论文
解决不相容血型交叉配血问题：37°C 水浴在输血安全中的作用
Authors Han J, Niu H, Zhao F, Yu R, Li X, Qi Q, Shang M, Yu H, Cong Y, Wang L , Shen D
Received 25 May 2025
Accepted for publication 5 December 2025
Published 16 December 2025 Volume 2025:16 Pages 601—607
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/JBM.S542766
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 2
Editor who approved publication: Dr Martin H Bluth
Junling Han,1,* Hongmei Niu,2,* Fuqian Zhao,2,* Rong Yu,3 Xiang Li,3 Qing Qi,4 Mingquan Shang,2 Hao Yu,2 Yanfei Cong,2 Lei Wang,5 Daofu Shen2
1Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Taizhou People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chifeng Municipal Hospital, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, People’s Republic of China; 3Chifeng Clinical Medical School of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, People’s Republic of China; 4Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, People’s Republic of China; 5Precision Medicine Sequencing Center, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Daofu Shen, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chifeng Municipal Hospital, No. 152 Changqing Street, Hongshan District, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, 024000, People’s Republic of China, Email shahexiang2008@163.com Lei Wang, Precision Medicine Sequencing Center, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, No. 73 Jianshe South Road, Lubei district, Tangshan, Hebei, 063000, People’s Republic of China, Email lncyly@126.com
Background: Incompatible cross-matching at room temperature can delay critical blood transfusions. We report that red cells from patients requiring blood transfusion agglutinated after cross-matching at room temperature, but changed from agglutination to dispersion after a water bath at 37°C. The aim was to investigate whether re-cross-matching at 37°C is necessary for some patients with incompatible cross-matching.
Methods: This prospective observational study analysed all incompatible cross-matched blood samples at the Blood Transfusion Department of Chifeng Municipal Hospital from 1 May 2024 to 31 July 2024. Cross-matching was performed using a fully automated system and the Polybrene method. For incompatible samples, the Polybrene method was repeated after the samples were placed in a 37°C water bath for 5 minutes.
Results: Thirty patients with cross-match incompatibilities were included. Among these, agglutination was reversed after the 37°C water bath in 28 patients, indicating compatibility. Only 2 patients had true blood group incompatibility. We detail the results of one representative patient from the 28 with reversed agglutination. This patient showed agglutination using the fully automated device and the Polybrene method, but not with the saline method. After a 37°C water bath, the agglutinated erythrocytes dispersed into a single-cell state upon microscopic examination.
Conclusion: For selected patients, cross-matching at 37°C can resolve false-positive agglutination, ensuring transfusion safety and timely access to blood products. This simple method can be integrated into the clinical cross-matching workflow.
Plain Language Summary: Some patients experience incompatible blood cross-match results at room temperature, which can delay lifesaving transfusions.We found that for most patients in our study, this incompatibility was resolved by warming the blood sample to 37°C, allowing the transfusions to proceed safely.Incorporating a 37°C cross-matching step can help ensure that patients receive needed blood transfusions without unnecessary delay.
Keywords: cross-matching incompatibilities, polybrene method, red cell aggregation, irregular antibodies, 37°C water bath
1Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Taizhou People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chifeng Municipal Hospital, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, People’s Republic of China; 3Chifeng Clinical Medical School of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, People’s Republic of China; 4Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, People’s Republic of China; 5Precision Medicine Sequencing Center, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Daofu Shen, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chifeng Municipal Hospital, No. 152 Changqing Street, Hongshan District, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, 024000, People’s Republic of China, Email shahexiang2008@163.com Lei Wang, Precision Medicine Sequencing Center, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, No. 73 Jianshe South Road, Lubei district, Tangshan, Hebei, 063000, People’s Republic of China, Email lncyly@126.com
Background: Incompatible cross-matching at room temperature can delay critical blood transfusions. We report that red cells from patients requiring blood transfusion agglutinated after cross-matching at room temperature, but changed from agglutination to dispersion after a water bath at 37°C. The aim was to investigate whether re-cross-matching at 37°C is necessary for some patients with incompatible cross-matching.
Methods: This prospective observational study analysed all incompatible cross-matched blood samples at the Blood Transfusion Department of Chifeng Municipal Hospital from 1 May 2024 to 31 July 2024. Cross-matching was performed using a fully automated system and the Polybrene method. For incompatible samples, the Polybrene method was repeated after the samples were placed in a 37°C water bath for 5 minutes.
Results: Thirty patients with cross-match incompatibilities were included. Among these, agglutination was reversed after the 37°C water bath in 28 patients, indicating compatibility. Only 2 patients had true blood group incompatibility. We detail the results of one representative patient from the 28 with reversed agglutination. This patient showed agglutination using the fully automated device and the Polybrene method, but not with the saline method. After a 37°C water bath, the agglutinated erythrocytes dispersed into a single-cell state upon microscopic examination.
Conclusion: For selected patients, cross-matching at 37°C can resolve false-positive agglutination, ensuring transfusion safety and timely access to blood products. This simple method can be integrated into the clinical cross-matching workflow.
Plain Language Summary: Some patients experience incompatible blood cross-match results at room temperature, which can delay lifesaving transfusions.We found that for most patients in our study, this incompatibility was resolved by warming the blood sample to 37°C, allowing the transfusions to proceed safely.Incorporating a 37°C cross-matching step can help ensure that patients receive needed blood transfusions without unnecessary delay.
Keywords: cross-matching incompatibilities, polybrene method, red cell aggregation, irregular antibodies, 37°C water bath