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已发表论文
植物源性细胞外囊泡作为纳米颗粒在癌症药物递送方面的最新进展
Authors Zhang Q, Duan H, Yang Y, Yu H, Wang W, Li B
Received 8 August 2025
Accepted for publication 26 November 2025
Published 12 December 2025 Volume 2025:20 Pages 14977—15016
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S559440
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 4
Editor who approved publication: Professor Eng San Thian
Qiongdan Zhang, Huihong Duan, Yupei Yang, Huanghe Yu, Wei Wang, Bin Li
TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Hunan·University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Bin Li, Email libin@hnucm.edu.cn Wei Wang, Email wangwei402@hotmail.com
Abstract: Plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PDEVs) have emerged as a highly promising and disruptive class of natural nanoparticles for anticancer drug delivery. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of PDEVs, positioning them within the broader landscape of nanomedicine through a direct comparison with conventional synthetic nanoparticles (eg, liposomes) and mammalian cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs). We highlight how the unique origin of PDEVs confers significant advantages, including superior natural biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and the remarkable “dual-functionality” of acting as both inherent therapeutic agents and efficient drug carriers. The capacity of PDEVs to efficiently encapsulate a diverse range of therapeutic agents-from chemotherapeutic drugs and RNA interference molecules to gene-editing tools-is discussed in contrast to the more limited loading versatility and complex manufacturing of some alternative systems. The review systematically covers recent advances in PDEV isolation, characterization, and drug-loading techniques, emphasizing their demonstrated ability to cross biological barriers for targeted therapy and controlled release. Finally, we critically address the translational pathway, outlining key challenges in standardization and clinical translation, while forecasting their pivotal role in advancing personalized cancer nanomedicine. Through this comparative and functional perspective, PDEVs are poised to transition from a promising biological curiosity to a cornerstone of next-generation anticancer strategies.
Keywords: plant-derived extracellular vesicles, PDEVs, isolation, drug delivery, tumor therapy
TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Hunan·University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Bin Li, Email libin@hnucm.edu.cn Wei Wang, Email wangwei402@hotmail.com
Abstract: Plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PDEVs) have emerged as a highly promising and disruptive class of natural nanoparticles for anticancer drug delivery. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of PDEVs, positioning them within the broader landscape of nanomedicine through a direct comparison with conventional synthetic nanoparticles (eg, liposomes) and mammalian cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs). We highlight how the unique origin of PDEVs confers significant advantages, including superior natural biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and the remarkable “dual-functionality” of acting as both inherent therapeutic agents and efficient drug carriers. The capacity of PDEVs to efficiently encapsulate a diverse range of therapeutic agents-from chemotherapeutic drugs and RNA interference molecules to gene-editing tools-is discussed in contrast to the more limited loading versatility and complex manufacturing of some alternative systems. The review systematically covers recent advances in PDEV isolation, characterization, and drug-loading techniques, emphasizing their demonstrated ability to cross biological barriers for targeted therapy and controlled release. Finally, we critically address the translational pathway, outlining key challenges in standardization and clinical translation, while forecasting their pivotal role in advancing personalized cancer nanomedicine. Through this comparative and functional perspective, PDEVs are poised to transition from a promising biological curiosity to a cornerstone of next-generation anticancer strategies.
Keywords: plant-derived extracellular vesicles, PDEVs, isolation, drug delivery, tumor therapy