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已发表论文
膝关节疼痛核心方面问卷的跨文化适应与验证：基于中国膝关节骨关节炎全膝关节置换术患者的研究
Authors Wu H, Wei Y, Wan D, Tang R, Guo Y, Yao S, Xu C, Ma J
Received 5 September 2025
Accepted for publication 23 December 2025
Published 8 January 2026 Volume 2026:19 565552
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/JPR.S565552
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 2
Editor who approved publication: Professor King Hei Stanley Lam
Haodong Wu,1,2,* Yi Wei,3,* Dongping Wan,4,* Rui Tang,5 Yishun Guo,1 Shuxin Yao,1 Chao Xu,1,* Jianbing Ma1,*
1Department of Knee Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710061, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Medical College, Yan’an University, Yan’an, 716000, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi’an, 710069, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530023, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Orthopedics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Jianbing Ma, Department of Knee Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 555 E.Youyi Road, Xi’an, 710061, People’s Republic of China, Email drmajianbing@163.com Chao Xu, Department of Knee Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 555 E.Youyi Road, Xi’an, 710061, People’s Republic of China, Email honghuixuchao@163.com
Background: This study aimed to develop a simplified Chinese version of the Central Aspects of Pain in the Knee (CAP-Knee-CV) questionnaire and to evaluate its psychometric properties in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA).
Methods: The CAP-Knee-CV was developed using a standardized forward–backward translation procedure, followed by expert panel review to ensure cultural and linguistic equivalence. A total of 120 patients with KOA scheduled for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) were recruited from a tertiary orthopedic center in Xi’an, China. Among them, 50 participants were randomly selected to complete the questionnaire again after one week. Reliability and validity were assessed through exploratory factor analysis, internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and correlation analyses with established clinical measures.
Results: The CAP-Knee-CV consisted of 8 items loading on two factors, accounting for 66.1% of the total variance. Internal consistency was good (Cronbach’s α = 0.843), and test–retest reliability was excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.957). The CAP-Knee-CV showed significant correlations with the Central Sensitization Inventory (r = 0.610), pain intensity while walking (r = 0.697), the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (r = 0.530), and the 5-level EQ-5D (r = 0.510).
Conclusion: The CAP-Knee-CV was successfully translated and cross-culturally adapted into simplified Chinese. It demonstrated satisfactory reliability, validity, and feasibility, making it a promising tool for assessing central sensitization in Chinese-speaking patients with KOA undergoing TKA.
Keywords: central sensitization, knee osteoarthritis, CAP-knee, cross-cultural adaptation, psychometrics
1Department of Knee Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710061, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Medical College, Yan’an University, Yan’an, 716000, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi’an, 710069, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530023, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Orthopedics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Jianbing Ma, Department of Knee Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 555 E.Youyi Road, Xi’an, 710061, People’s Republic of China, Email drmajianbing@163.com Chao Xu, Department of Knee Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 555 E.Youyi Road, Xi’an, 710061, People’s Republic of China, Email honghuixuchao@163.com
Background: This study aimed to develop a simplified Chinese version of the Central Aspects of Pain in the Knee (CAP-Knee-CV) questionnaire and to evaluate its psychometric properties in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA).
Methods: The CAP-Knee-CV was developed using a standardized forward–backward translation procedure, followed by expert panel review to ensure cultural and linguistic equivalence. A total of 120 patients with KOA scheduled for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) were recruited from a tertiary orthopedic center in Xi’an, China. Among them, 50 participants were randomly selected to complete the questionnaire again after one week. Reliability and validity were assessed through exploratory factor analysis, internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and correlation analyses with established clinical measures.
Results: The CAP-Knee-CV consisted of 8 items loading on two factors, accounting for 66.1% of the total variance. Internal consistency was good (Cronbach’s α = 0.843), and test–retest reliability was excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.957). The CAP-Knee-CV showed significant correlations with the Central Sensitization Inventory (r = 0.610), pain intensity while walking (r = 0.697), the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (r = 0.530), and the 5-level EQ-5D (r = 0.510).
Conclusion: The CAP-Knee-CV was successfully translated and cross-culturally adapted into simplified Chinese. It demonstrated satisfactory reliability, validity, and feasibility, making it a promising tool for assessing central sensitization in Chinese-speaking patients with KOA undergoing TKA.
Keywords: central sensitization, knee osteoarthritis, CAP-knee, cross-cultural adaptation, psychometrics