Background: Intra-abdominal Clostridium perfringens , especially liver infection, is rare and fatal. It often occurs in patients with immunodeficiency due to various factors, such as cancer, diabetes mellitus, and organ transplantation. The identification of gram-positive bacilli in septicemia, the presence of gas-forming liver damage and intravascular hemolysis are manifestations of Clostridium perfringens  infection. The episode deteriorates rapidly and has a high mortality rate.
Case presentation: This case involved a 60-year-old man with infection onset 2 weeks after common bile duct stenting for obstructive jaundice caused by unresectable pancreatic cancer. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed gas-containing lesions in the liver. Blood culture showed Clostridium perfringens . Though aggressively rescued, he died within 24 hrs after admission.
Conclusion: Clostridium perfringens  liver infection is rare but leads to a severe prognosis rapidly. High awareness of this condition is key for early diagnosis and effective treatment.
Keywords: liver infection, Clostridium perfringens , stenting, pancreatic cancer