Purpose: No instrument exists for measuring TB patients’ self-efficacy which is vital for choosing and insisting in benefit TB-management behaviors. Our study aimed to develop and test a new tuberculosis self-efficacy scale (TBSES).
Patients and methods: The TBSES was designed through literature review, individual interviews, Delphi surveys, and pilot testing. After that, 460 TB patients were recruited to validate TBSES. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and correlation analysis were used to evaluate the scale reliability and validity. The cut-off point for TBSES was identified using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.
Results: The final TBSES includes 21 items scored on a 5-point Likert scale, and these items are loaded in four distinct factors that explain 67.322% of the variance, both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis proved that the scale had good construct validity. The scale had adequate internal consistency, split-half reliability, test-retest reliability, as well as demonstrated content, concurrent validity. The ROC analysis results showed the cut-off point was 86.5.
Conclusion: This 21-item TBSES demonstrated favorable psychometric properties. It provides an instrument for not only measuring specific self-efficacy in TB, but also identifying patients with low self-efficacy and determining the specific area toward designing interventions for enhance self-efficacy.
Keywords: tuberculosis, self-efficacy, scale development, reliability, validity