Background: Campylobacter rectus  is one of the anaerobic bacteria in the mouth.
Case Presentation: We report the case of a 73-year-old man admitted for lung abscess caused by Campylobacter rectus  with unique manifestations under electronic bronchoscopy, and the pathogen is first reported to be confirmed by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) through testing bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.
Conclusion: Sometimes, Campylobacter rectus  can cause infection outside the mouth such as lung abscess. Most patients have good outcomes.
Keywords: Campylobacter rectus , Wolinella recta , lung abscess, metagenomic next-generation sequencing, mNGS, electronic bronchoscopy