Background: The benefit of palliative gastrectomy for patients with metastatic gastric cancer (mGC) is controversial, and suitable candidates for surgery and treatment strategies remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of palliative gastrectomy plus chemotherapy among patients with mGC and to identify the potential patients for such treatment using real-world data.
Methods: A dataset of 236 patients with mGC diagnosed at the Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. The cohort comprised 80 patients who had palliative gastrectomy plus chemotherapy (SC) and 156 patients who had chemotherapy only (CO). Propensity score matching (PSM) was employed to minimize the influence of confounders.
Results: The median overall survival of the SC group was significantly better than that of the CO group (Before PSM: 17.0 months vs 12.0 months, P =0.038; after PSM: 17.0 months vs 13.0 months, P =0.017). In the multivariate analysis, SC (Before PSM: hazard ratio (HR) =0.68, P =0.023; after PSM: HR =0.64, P =0.021) was favored for better survival after adjustment for sex, age, year of diagnosis, primary tumor location, and tumor grade. Total gastrectomy (P =0.026) was associated with worse survival for the SC group. The significant survival advantage of SC over CO was retained in patients with single organ metastasis (P =0.016), peritoneal seedings (P =0.039), and those receiving taxane-based chemotherapy (P =0.011).
Conclusion: SC could improve the overall survival of patients with mGC as compared with CO. The chemotherapy regimen and type of resection were proven to influence efficacy. Patients who received taxane-based regimens might be suitable for palliative gastrectomy.
Keywords: first-line chemotherapy, metastatic gastric cancer, palliative gastrectomy, propensity score matching, survival