Purpose: In prior analyses, blood pressure (BP) was related to rapid kidney function decline (RKFD). However, studies of this relationship in populations of advanced age are lacking. In the present study, we therefore examined the relationship between BP and RKFD in a population of 284 hypertensive Chinese individuals over the age of 80.
Patients and Methods: All study participants were diagnosed with hypertension (systolic BP [SBP] 160– 200 mmHg; diastolic BP [DBP] < 110 mmHg). RKFD was defined based upon a decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) > 5mL/min per 1.73 m² per year during follow-up. The Cox regression models (competing risk models) were used for calculating hazard ratios (HRs) to examine the relationship between SBP, DBP, pulse pressure (PP) and RKFD.
Results: Over a 3.3-year median follow-up period, 68 study participants (23.9%) were diagnosed with RKFD, while 35 (12.3%) died. After adjusting for confounding variables, we determined that each 10 mmHg rise in SBP and PP was associated with a 34% and 110% increase, respectively, in RKFD risk (adjusted HR: 1.34, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05– 1.71 for SBP, p =0.02; HR: 2.10, 95% CI: 0.87– 5.08 for PP, p =0.10). In addition, we determined that each 10 mmHg increase in DBP was linked to a 10% reduction in RKFD risk (adjusted HR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.70– 1.14, p =0.37).
Conclusion: Our results indicate that SBP, but not DBP or PP, is positively correlated with RKFD risk in a very elderly hypertensive Chinese population.
Keywords: blood pressure, rapid kidney function decline, very elderly, China