Background: Aberrant expression of circular RNA (circRNA) is involved in the occurrence and development of multifarious cancers, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, the biological role of circGDI2 and the action mechanism in OSCC remain largely unclear.
Methods: The expression levels of circGDI2, miR-454-3p and forkhead box F2 (FOXF2) were examined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) or Western blot. The stability of circGDI2 was confirmed by Ribonuclease R (RNase R) assay. Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK8) assay, colony formation and transwell assay were used to detect cell proliferation, migration or invasion. Cell apoptosis was tested by flow cytometry. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay were employed to verify the interaction between miR-454-3p and circGDI2 or FOXF2. Moreover, xenograft mouse models were constructed to assess tumor growth in vivo.
Results: CircGDI2 was a stable circRNA and was low expressed in OSCC tissues and cells. CircGDI2 overexpression could effectively inhibit the proliferation, migration, invasion and promote apoptosis in OSCC cells, and suppress OSCC tumor growth in nude mice in vivo. MiR-454-3p could be sponged by circGDI2, and its overexpression could mitigate the suppressive effects of circGDI2 overexpression on OSCC progression. In addition, FOXF2 was a target of miR-454-3p, and miR-454-3p silence could impede the cell growth of OSCC cells by enhancing FOXF2 expression. Meanwhile, circGDI2 positively regulated FOXF2 expression by targeting miR-454-3p.
Conclusion: CircGDI2 served as a repressor to restrain OSCC malignancy via miR-454-3p/FOXF2 axis, which might be a novel biomarker for targeted OSCC therapy.
Keywords: OSCC, circGDI2, miR-454-3p, FOXF2