Objective: To investigate the clinical value of sodium dodecyl sulfate–agarose gel electrophoresis (SDS-AGE) of urinary proteins combined with several biochemical indices in the detection of hypertensive nephropathy.
Material and Methods: In this study, 210 patients with hypertensive nephropathy were recruited as the kidney disease group, 100 patients with simple hypertension were recruited as the hypertension group, and another 100 healthy participants were recruited as the control group. We conducted SDS-AGE of urinary proteins and urinary microalbumin (mAlb), β₂-microglobulin (β₂-MG), retinol-binding protein (RBP), serum cystatin C (CysC), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine tests at the same time.
Results: The results showed that the urinary mAlb levels in the hypertension group and hypertensive nephropathy group were higher than in the control group (P< 0.05). The biochemical index detection results showed that β₂-MG, RBP, serum CysC, BUN, and creatinine were higher in the hypertensive nephropathy group than in the control group and hypertension group (P < 0.05). The total positive rates of urinary protein SDS-AGE and urinary mAlb, urinary β₂-MG, blood CysC, blood RBP, BUN, and creatinine in 210 patients with essential hypertension nephropathy were 100.0%, 98.6%, 32.8%, 98.6%, 21.0%, 2.0%, and 20%, respectively. The total positive rate of SDS-AGE urinary protein was higher than that of the other six biochemical indices.
Conclusion: SDS-AGE of urinary proteins, combined with urinary mAlb, β₂-MG, serum CysC, RBP, BUN, and creatinine, could improve the detection sensitivity, which would be helpful for the early and accurate diagnosis of kidney damage.
Keywords: hypertension, kidney damage, sodium dodecyl sulfate–agarose gel electrophoresis, urinary mAlb, β₂-MG, serum CysC, RBP, BUN, pathological proteinuria