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一项多中心研究评估了中国儿童自报变应性鼻炎的危险因素和空气变应原致敏特征
Authors Wu L, Luo W, Hu H, Zheng X , Cheng ZJ , Huang D, Huang X, Zhang H, Liu Y, Zhang R, Yang H, Sun Y, Wang Y, Ma J, Liu J, Sun X, Wu H, Wei C, Zhang S, Li X, Ren S, Hao C, Sun B
Received 2 October 2021
Accepted for publication 16 November 2021
Published 7 December 2021 Volume 2021:14 Pages 1453—1462
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/JAA.S342495
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 2
Editor who approved publication: Dr Luis Garcia-Marcos
Background: Up to now, epidemiological studies on allergy rhinitis (AR) have primarily focused on determining the risk of disease in Chinese adults, with the majority of them designed by single centers, while cross-sectional and epidemiological data describing allergic sensitization in children with self-reported AR are scarce.
Objective: This study was estimating of the latest information about the sensitization patterns and risk factors of clinical AR to develop effective strategies for the prevention and treatment of AR.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey between January 2020 and June 2021 involving children from seven cities in China who reported AR. A total of 762 children participated in this survey. To evaluate the risk factors and specific sensitization patterns of clinical AR through questionnaires and specific immunoglobulin E to 11 aeroallergens.
Results: Of the 762 patients, 593 (77.8%) had at least one positive IgE level. Aged 7– 14 years (OR 1.503, (95% CI 1.058– 2.136), P = 0.023); With allergic conjunctivitis (OR 1.843, (95% CI 1.297– 2.620), P = 0.001) and living in the Eastern (OR 1.802, (95% CI 1.263– 2.573), P = 0.001) all elevated the risk of clinical AR associated with aeroallergens. The sensitization rates of D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae were higher than those of other allergens in the 0– 6 and 7– 14 years old age groups. The most common aeroallergens among self-reported children with AR in the eastern were D. farinae (74.9%) and D. pteronyssinus (74.3%), while in the western were mugwort (60.0%) and marguerite (56.6%). Majority of sIgE-positive subjects were sensitized to three or more of the tested pollen allergens in the Western (52.1%), compared with 5.7% in the Eastern.
Conclusion: There was an apparent geographic variation in childhood allergies in China. Age factors also had strong impacts on the allergen sensitization rate of children, but these impacts differed across regions.
Keywords: allergic rhinitis, specific immunoglobulin E, cross-sectional survey, aeroallergen, children