Background and Aim: The long‐term outcomes of patients with hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV‐ACLF) remain not well known. This study aimed to investigate whether aMAP score can predict re-hospitalization, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurrence and long-term mortality in patients with HBV-ACLF.
Methods: A total of 82 patients diagnosed with HBV-ACLF and survived over 6 months were enrolled. The median follow-up period was 105 (75.9, 134.1) months. The Cox proportional hazards or logistic regression analysis was used to determine independent risk factors. Cumulative incidence of HCC and survival rate were evaluated using Kaplan–Meier analysis.
Results: Multivariate analysis identified that the aMAP risk score was an independent predictor of re-hospitalization (odds ratio [OR] = 1.112, 95% confidence interval [CI]:  1.021– 1.211, p = 0.015), hepatocellular carcinoma occurrence (hazards ratio [HR] = 2.277, 95% CI:  1.014– 5.114, p = 0.046) and mortality (HR = 1.366, 95% CI:  1.040– 1.794, p = 0.025). High-risk aMAP scores were associated with higher risk of HCC occurrence and mortality.
Conclusion: A higher aMAP score was an independent risk predictor of re-hospitalization, HCC occurrence and mortality, respectively, in HBV-ACLF patients who survived over 6 months, which can be applicable for early risk stratification and clinical decision.
Keywords: acute-on-chronic liver failure, chronic hepatitis B virus infection, re-hospitalization, hepatocellular carcinoma, mortality, prognosis