Introduction: Patients with acute isolated vertigo have a high risk for developing cerebral infarction (CI). Risk stratification for cerebral infarction in patients with acute isolated vertigo is critical for early treatment and preventative therapy. In the present study, we aim to characterize the diagnostic value of serum adiponectin (APN) combined with ABCD2 scoring in determining cerebral infarction risk.
Methods: Patients with acute isolated vertigo admitted to the emergency room were recruited. Diagnosis of cerebral infarction was performed using diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI-MRI) and T2WI and T2Flair imaging. Blood was collected for analysis of APN levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Multivariate analysis was used to analyze diabetes, hypertension, serum APN, and ABCD2 in association with CI.
Results: Compared to non-CI patients (n = 185), patients with CI (n = 68) demonstrated significantly lower serum APN levels (p < 0.001) and higher ABCD2 score (p < 0.001). A strong negative correlation was found between serum APN levels and ABCD2 scores. Multivariate analysis and ROC analysis suggested that low serum APN and high ABCD2 are strong predictors of CI in patients with acute isolated vertigo. Notably, the combination of APN and ABCD2 had a much stronger predictive sensitivity and specificity.
Conclusion: Our analysis suggests that the combination of serum APN and ABCD2 analyses offers a significantly improved prediction sensitivity and specificity for CI among patients with acute and isolated vertigo, which supports the potential use of this new marker in clinics.
Keywords: acute isolated vertigo, adiponectin, ABCD2, cerebral infarction