Objective: To explore the risk factors of malnutrition in type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB-T2DM) patients and further to provide a clinical research basis for the identification and prevention of malnutrition.
Methods: From January 2020 to February 2022, 307 adult patients diagnosed with PTB-T2DM were enrolled in this retrospective study. According to whether malnutrition occurred after 6 months of treatment, patients were divided into malnutrition group (n = 123) and non-malnutrition group (n = 184). The nutritional status of patients was evaluated according to the Micro-Nutrition Assessment Scale (MNA). Evaluation of indicators was performed, including general information, disease characteristics of PTB-T2DM and laboratory indicators.
Results: Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that drinking, divorced, BMI < 18.5kg/m², weight < 45kg, waist circumference < 79cm, hip circumference < 88cm, waist-to-hip ratio < 69.99, calf circumference < 26kg, grip strength < 28kg, NRS score ≥ 3, Hb < 106g/L, Alb < 29.00g/L, PA < 48.00μmol/L, GHB < 3.40%, serum transferrin < 1.37 mmol/L, serum potassium < 3.18mmol/L, serum sodium < 142.95 mmol/L, FEV₁ ≥ 67.90% and RV < 2.89% were risk factors for malnutrition in PTB-T2DM patients (all P < 0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that drinking, divorced, weight < 45kg, BMI < 18.5kg/m², NRS score ≥ 3, Hb < 106g/L, Alb < 29.00g/L, PA < 48.00μmol/L, serum transferrin < 1.37mmol/L, FEV₁ ≥ 67.90% and RV < 2.89% were independent risk factors for malnutrition in PTB-T2DM patients (all P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Drinking, divorced, weight < 45kg, BMI < 18.5kg/m², NRS score ≥ 3, Hb < 106g/L, Alb < 29.00g/L, PA < 48.00μmol/L, serum transferrin < 1.37mmol/L, FEV₁ ≥ 67.90% and RV < 2.89% may be independent risk factors for malnutrition in PTB-T2DM patients, and timely identification of high-risk groups could improve the prognosis of PTB-T2DM patients.
Keywords: risk factors, malnutrition, type 2 diabetes mellitus, pulmonary tuberculosis