Purpose: To analyze the differences in clinical distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens among northern Anhui, central Anhui, and southern Anhui in 2021, and to provide a basis for the rational use of drugs for clinicians in different regions.
Methods: Nonrepetitive pathogens isolated from clinical samples of inpatients and outpatients from 59 member units with qualified data in 2021 were obtained from the Anhui Province Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System, which was divided into northern Anhui, central Anhui, and southern Anhui by region. Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility analyses were carried out using the Vitek 2 Compact and standard disc diffusion method. The results were determined according to the American Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute in 2021 with data analyzed using WHONET 5.6 and SPSS 17.0.
Results: A total of 133,268 pathogenic bacteria were isolated from clinical samples. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus ) was the most common gram-positive bacterium and Escherichia coli (E. coli ) was the most common gram-negative bacterium. Sputum was the main source of clinical specimens. The detection rates of methicillin-resistant S.aureus , methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus , carbapenem-resistant E. coli , carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii , third-generation cephalosporin-resistant E. coli , and third-generation cephalosporin-resistant K. pneumoniae were higher in northern Anhui than in southern Anhui (P < 0.0001). E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were sensitive to amikacin. Strains resistant to vancomycin, linezolid, and teicoplanin were not isolated until 2021.
Conclusion: There were significant differences in bacterial resistance in different regions of Anhui Province. Antibiotic resistance in northern Anhui was the most serious in 2021. Antimicrobial agents must be used according to the resistance of the bacteria in the local region.
Keywords: pathogens, antibacterial agents, drug resistance, different regions