Objective: To investigate the dynamic fluctuations of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), procalcitonin (PCT), and neutrophil counts in individuals diagnosed with acute cholecystitis. Additionally, the research seeks to investigate the potential clinical significance of these biomarkers in the early stages of acute cholecystitis.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study included one hundred patients with acute cholecystitis (60 with mild acute cholecystitis and 40 with severe cholecystitis) admitted to our hospital between January 2022 and December 2022 were included. The levels of various cytokines, PCT and neutrophils in serum on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 were dynamically detected. The difference in each indicator between the two groups was analysed, and the diagnostic value of each indicator for acute cholecystitis was evaluated using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
Results: IL-6 and PCT levels and neutrophil counts were significantly higher in patients with moderate and severe cholecystitis than those in those with mild cholecystitis (P < 0.01). The AUC values for the three indicators were all greater than 60%, and the AUC value for the joint diagnosis of the three indicators reached 90%.
Conclusion: Serum interleukin-6 combined with PCT and neutrophil count is helpful to determine the degree of disease development in patients with acute cholecystitis. The advantage of dynamic monitoring of the three indicators is that the detection is simple and worthy of clinical promotion.

Keywords: serum interleukin-6, procalcitonin, PCT, neutrophil count, acute cholecystitis