Purpose: To determine the impact of polycystic ovary syndrome on in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection and embryo transfer outcomes while analyzing the influencing factors.
Patients and Methods: A retrospective cohort study comprised 4839 patients who underwent their first cycle of IVF/ICSI treatment from January 2016 to December 2021. Cumulative pregnancy rates, cumulative live birth rates, and late miscarriage rates compared between the PCOS group and control group. Subgroup analysis and binary regression were used to analyze the influence of BMI on clinical outcomes among individuals diagnosed with PCOS.
Results: Non-obese PCOS patients exhibited higher cumulative pregnancy rates, cumulative live birth rates, and late miscarriage rates compared to the control group with the normal BMI population (84.7% vs71.2%, P < 0.001; 74.1% vs 61.6%, P < 0.001; 4.1% vs 2.0%, P = 0.002), but there was no significant difference in early miscarriage rates between the two groups.
Conclusion: Non-obese PCOS patients demonstrated a notably higher cumulative live birth rate but also a higher risk of late miscarriage compared to non-PCOS females with a normal BMI.

Keywords: body mass index, cumulative live birth rate, in vitro fertilization, intracytoplasmic sperm injection, late miscarriage, polycystic ovary syndrome