Luo-Gang Ding,1,* Xiang Ji,2,* Yue-Yue Liu,3,* Min Shi,1 Jian-Da Li,1 Fei Liu,1 Yu-Yu Zhang,1 Jiang Yu,1 Jia-Qiang Wu1 

1Shandong Key Laboratory of Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, People’s Republic of China; 2Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, College of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, People’s Republic of China; 3Institute of Poultry Science, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, 250100, People’s Republic of China

*These authors contributed equally to this work

Correspondence: Jia-Qiang Wu; Jiang Yu, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, People’s Republic of China, Email yujiang_2213@163.com; wujiaqiang2000@sina.com

Background: Influenza A (H1N1) virus is a highly contagious respiratory disease that causes severe illness and death. Vaccines and antiviral drugs are limited by viral variation and drug resistance, so developing efficient integrated theranostic options appears significant in anti-influenza virus infection.
Methods: In this study, we designed and fabricated covalent organic framework (COF) based theranostic platforms (T705@DATA-COF-Pro), which was composed of an RNA polymerase inhibitor (favipiravir, T705), the carboxyl-enriched COF (DATA-COF) nano-carrier and Cy3-labeled single DNA (ssDNA) probe.
Results: The multi-porosity COF core provided an excellent micro-environment and smooth delivery for T705. The ssDNA probe coating bound to the nucleic acids of H1N1 selectively, thus controlling drug release and allowing fluorescence imaging. The combination of COF and probe triggered the synergism, promoting drug further therapeutic outcomes. With the aid of T705@DATA-COF-Pro platforms, the H1N1-infected mouse models lightly achieved diagnosis and significantly prolonged survival.
Conclusion: This research underscores the distinctive benefits and immense potential of COF materials in nano-preparations for virus infection, offering novel avenues for the detection and treatment of H1N1 virus infection.

Keywords: crystal porous materials, microenvironment-responsive, controlled release, fluorescence imaging, diagnosis and therapy