Jiaqin Yu,1,* Ting Shen,2,* Zongshan Li,3 Tian Lv,4 Lisan Zhang3 

1School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Neurology, Zhuji People’s Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhuji, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Neurology and Center for Sleep Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Neurology, Zhuji Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhuji, People’s Republic of China

*These authors contributed equally to this work

Correspondence: Lisan Zhang, Department of Neurology and Center for Sleep Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China, Email zls09@zju.edu.cn

Abstract: Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is a unique central sleepiness disorder that affects individuals with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), cataplexy, sleep paralysis, and hypnagogic hallucinations. The etiology and pathogenesis of NT1 remains unclear, although some viral infections are thought to be related to NT1. This paper reports an unusual case of late-onset NT1 with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and antiretroviral therapy for five years. The relationship between HIV infection, immune, Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) and NT1 should be further investigated, as excessive daytime sleepiness is more common in HIV-infected patients than in the general population.

Keywords: narcolepsy, excessive daytime sleepiness, HIV, immune, Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome