Ruo-Nan Tian,1,2 Sheng-Xiao Zhang,2– 5 Nan Zhang,6 Yan Shi,1 Hua-Qing Guo,1 Chen Wang,1 Zhi-Guang Duan6 

1College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People’s Republic of China; 2Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 030001, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, People’s Republic of China; 4Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune Microecology, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 030001, People’s Republic of China; 5SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 030001, People’s Republic of China; 6School of Management, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 030001, People’s Republic of China

Correspondence: Zhi-Guang Duan, School of Management, Shanxi Medical University, No. 56, Xinjiannan Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People’s Republic of China, Email 15635722188@163.com

Background and Aim: This study aims to assess the potential association between NHHR and gout risk among the US adult population.
Methods and Results: Utilizing data from the NHANES spanning from 2007 to 2018, we performed a cross-sectional analysis. A weighted multivariable logistic regression model, generalized additive model (GAM) and a restricted cubic spline model were applied to elucidate the association between NHHR and gout risk. In addition, subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted to ensure the stability of our findings. This study cohort included 27,731 participants. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated a significant correlation between NHHR and the likelihood of gout. This association was sustained after accounting for a range of potential confounding confounders. The risk of gout was observed to escalate with increasing quartiles of NHHR quartiles, with a 67% increased risk in the fourth quartile. Both RCS and curve fitting results indicated a J-shaped relationship between NHHR and gout. The association remained significant in several subgroup analyses. The interaction test did not yield statistically significant effects on this association.
Conclusion: The NHHR is nonlinearly correlated with the risk of gout in US adults. Further investigation research into the role of NHHR in gout could offer new perspectives on the prevention and treatment of gout. However, additional large-scale prospective studies are necessary to validate and reinforce these results.

Keywords: non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, gout, National health and nutrition examination survey, cross-sectional study