Hanyu Xue,1,* Ran Xie,2,* Zhiwei Wang,3,* Wenqian Fan,4 Yinxiang Wei,5 Lijie Zhang,5 Dan Zhao,5 Zhiming Song6,7 

1The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Medical Technology, Shangqiu Medical College, Shangqiu, 476000, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, People’s Republic of China; 4School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People’s Republic of China; 5Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, the First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People’s Republic of China; 7Kaifeng Key Laboratory for Modulation and Rehabilitation of Cardiac Function, The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People’s Republic of China

*These authors contributed equally to this work

Correspondence: Dan Zhao, Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, People’s Republic of China, Email zhaodan2022@henu.edu.cn Zhiming Song, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People’s Republic of China, Email songzhim@vip.henu.edu.cn

Abstract: As the most abundant innate immune cells, neutrophils play a key role in host’s anti-infective activity and tissue damage/repair process of sterile inflammation. Due to the restriction of apoptosis and other regulatory mechanisms, neutrophils have a short survival time in vivo. Because of the death domain of cytoplasmic regions, some members of tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) are defined as death receptors, such as TNFR-I, Fas and DR4/DR5. TNF-α, FasL and TRAIL, which are known as apoptosis-inducing ligand, can bind to death receptors and activate intracellular apoptosis pathways to induce apoptosis. Accumulating studies found that these three apoptosis-inducing ligands play an important role in the immune system by coordinating with neutrophil, which including neutrophil recruitment/infiltration and function performing. In this review, we summarize existing studies targeting neutrophils as diagnosis and treatment for diseases, and focus on the involvement of neutrophils which regulated by apoptosis-inducing ligands in inflammatory diseases under current cognition.

Keywords: neutrophil, apoptosis-inducing ligand, infectious inflammation, sterile inflammation