Bing Liu,* Yongyong Ding,* Junfei Xu, Xuehai Wu, Xiaofeng Yang, Yi Liu, Hong Deng

Department of Pain, The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi City, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, People’s Republic of China

*These authors contributed equally to this work

Correspondence: Hong Deng, Department of Pain, The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi City, No. 98, North Phoenix Road, Huichuan District, Zunyi, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China, Email hvh661@126.com

Objective: To evaluate the effects of a comprehensive intervention program on cancer pain and self-efficacy in patients with lung cancer.
Methods: A total of 120 lung cancer patients with cancer pain who received treatment from January 2021 to December 2023 at The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi were enrolled in this study. A within-subject design was used, comparing patients’ pain and self-efficacy scores before and after a comprehensive intervention. The intervention included pharmacologic therapy, psychological counseling, health education, mindfulness training, social support, and personalized rehabilitation. Pain was assessed using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), and self-efficacy was measured with the Chronic Disease Self-Efficacy Scale (CDSE). Subgroup and regression analyses were performed to explore related factors.
Results: After intervention, the average NRS pain score decreased significantly from 7.2 ± 1.5 to 3.8 ± 1.2 (↓ 47.22%, t=15.6, p< 0.001). Patients participating in mindfulness training reported a greater reduction in pain than non-participants (p=0.013). The total CDSE score increased from 52.3 ± 8.7 to 72.4 ± 9.5 (t=12.4, p< 0.001), with significant improvements across all subscales (self-management, general efficacy, goal achievement, and problem-solving; all p< 0.001). Subgroup analyses revealed that the improvements were consistent across gender, age groups, and education levels (p> 0.05). Logistic regression identified pain relief (NRS score) as a significant predictor of enhanced self-efficacy (OR=1.403, 95% CI: 1.125– 1.885, p=0.002), whereas age and education were not significant.
Conclusion: A comprehensive, multimodal intervention significantly improved both pain control and self-efficacy in patients with lung cancer–related pain. The effects were robust across demographic subgroups, with pain relief being a key factor influencing self-efficacy. These findings support the integration of psychological and behavioral strategies in pain management for cancer patients.

Keywords: lung cancer, cancer pain, pain perception, self-efficacy, relationship, improvement methods