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银杏内酯 B 通过抑制 p-IκBα/NF-κB 通路缓解脂多糖诱导的人牙周膜干细胞成骨分化的抑制作用

 

Authors Du S , Yang D , Liu Q, Yang P , Wu Z , Zhang Y , Chen S , Zhang J

Received 19 May 2025

Accepted for publication 2 September 2025

Published 15 September 2025 Volume 2025:19 Pages 8309—8326

DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/DDDT.S541290

Checked for plagiarism Yes

Review by Single anonymous peer review

Peer reviewer comments 3

Editor who approved publication: Professor Anastasios Lymperopoulos

Simeng Du,1 Daiwei Yang,1 Qing Liu,2 Peng Yang,1 Zhaoyan Wu,1 Yvxing Zhang,1 Siyu Chen,1 Jun Zhang1 

1Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Orthodontics, Taian Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Taian, Shandong, People’s Republic of China

Correspondence: Jun Zhang, Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No. 44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13953109816, Fax +86 53188382923, Email zhangj@sdu.edu.cn

Background: Ginkgolide B (GB) is a widely utilized natural anti-inflammatory drug in clinical practice. This study investigates GB’s effects on human periodontal stem cells (HPDLSCs) osteogenic differentiation under inflammation and its underlying mechanism, while evaluating its protective role against periodontal destruction in a rat periodontitis model.
Methods: HPDLSCs were isolated and identified in vitro. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to establish an inflammatory environment. Proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of HPDLSCs were assessed using the Cell-counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), Alizarin Red Staining (ARS), quantitative calcium assay, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and activity assay, and immunofluorescence assay. In addition, the expression of osteogenesis-related genes and proteins was detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis. To verify the role of the NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-B) pathway in this mechanism, the expression level of NF-κB pathway-related protein was detected by Western blot analysis after using BAY-11-7082 (a NF-κB signaling pathway inhibitor). The rat periodontitis model was established in vivo experiments. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) quantified alveolar bone loss, while immunohistochemical staining (IHC) assessed tissue remodeling. Tests were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 8 software. Differences between more than two groups were analyzed by one-way or two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s test. Values of p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results: LPS treatment triggered inflammation and suppressed osteogenesis in HPDLSCs in vitro, while GB (25, 100 μM) reversed these effects. The results of the Western blot assay showed that both GB and BAY11-7082 exhibited similar inhibitory effects on the NF-κB pathway. In vivo, GB mitigated alveolar bone loss and inflammatory tissue destruction in periodontitis rats.
Conclusion: GB can mitigate periodontitis by blocking the NF-κB pathway, offering dual anti-inflammatory and bone-protective effects.

Keywords: periodontitis, natural products, osteogenic differentiation, BAY11-7082