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已发表论文
肺腺癌乳酰化相关基因的生物信息学分析及实验验证
Authors Gao L, Zhang Y , Wu F , Liu B, Xie X
Received 20 May 2025
Accepted for publication 8 September 2025
Published 12 September 2025 Volume 2025:17 Pages 1947—1960
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S533289
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 2
Editor who approved publication: Professor Bilikere Dwarakanath
Li Gao,1,* Yadi Zhang,2,3,* Fengrui Wu,2,3 Bin Liu,1 Xin Xie2,3
1Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Fuyang People’s Hospital, Fuyang, Anhui, 236012, People’s Republic of China; 2Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollution Damage and Biological Control for Huaihe River Basin, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui, 236041, People’s Republic of China; 3Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui, 236041, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Bin Liu, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Fuyang People’s Hospital, 501 Sanqing Road, Fuyang, Anhui, 236012, People’s Republic of China, Email liubin663544@163.com Xin Xie, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollution Damage and Biological Control for Huaihe River Basin, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang Normal University, 100 Qinghe West Road, Fuyang, Anhui, 236041, People’s Republic of China, Email cpu_xiexin@163.com
Purpose: Lactylation, a novel post-translational modification, is dysregulated in various tumors and influences lung cancer progression. However, its role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains unclear. Based on multi-omics analysis results, this study investigated lactylation levels in LUAD tissues and explored the dual research positioning of lactylation as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target.
Methods: Lactylation levels in LUAD tissue microarrays were assessed using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Western blot analysis validated these findings. Differential expression analysis of lactylation-related genes was conducted using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA, n=365), based on |log2 fold-change (FC)|≥ 2. KEGG pathway analysis identified key biological pathways, and COX regression analysis pinpointed prognostic genes. Single-cell RNA sequencing data from the GEO database validated these genes, with mitochondrial gene threshold < 20%.
Results: Lactylation levels were significantly elevated in LUAD tissues compared to adjacent non-cancerous tissues, as shown by immunohistochemistry and confirmed by Western blot analysis. Differential analysis identified 17 lactylation-related genes enriched in pathways such as AMPK signaling and cellular senescence. COX regression analysis identified five risk genes: KIF2C, MKI67, HMGA1, PFKP, and CCNA2. Validation with single-cell RNA sequencing data revealed high expression levels of these genes in LUAD tissues and the LUAD cell line H1299. Functional validation revealed that the 5 genes panel significantly regulates global lactylation modification in vitro.
Conclusion: LUAD tissues exhibit elevated lactylation levels, suggesting their potential as prognostic biomarkers. The identified genes—KIF2C, MKI67, HMGA1, PFKP, and CCNA2—are highly expressed in cancerous tissues and correlate with LUAD prognosis. These findings highlight their value as tumor biomarkers and therapeutic targets, offering new opportunities for targeted LUAD treatments.
Keywords: lactylation, LUAD, single-cell sequencing, prognostic signature
1Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Fuyang People’s Hospital, Fuyang, Anhui, 236012, People’s Republic of China; 2Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollution Damage and Biological Control for Huaihe River Basin, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui, 236041, People’s Republic of China; 3Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui, 236041, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Bin Liu, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Fuyang People’s Hospital, 501 Sanqing Road, Fuyang, Anhui, 236012, People’s Republic of China, Email liubin663544@163.com Xin Xie, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollution Damage and Biological Control for Huaihe River Basin, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang Normal University, 100 Qinghe West Road, Fuyang, Anhui, 236041, People’s Republic of China, Email cpu_xiexin@163.com
Purpose: Lactylation, a novel post-translational modification, is dysregulated in various tumors and influences lung cancer progression. However, its role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains unclear. Based on multi-omics analysis results, this study investigated lactylation levels in LUAD tissues and explored the dual research positioning of lactylation as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target.
Methods: Lactylation levels in LUAD tissue microarrays were assessed using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Western blot analysis validated these findings. Differential expression analysis of lactylation-related genes was conducted using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA, n=365), based on |log2 fold-change (FC)|≥ 2. KEGG pathway analysis identified key biological pathways, and COX regression analysis pinpointed prognostic genes. Single-cell RNA sequencing data from the GEO database validated these genes, with mitochondrial gene threshold < 20%.
Results: Lactylation levels were significantly elevated in LUAD tissues compared to adjacent non-cancerous tissues, as shown by immunohistochemistry and confirmed by Western blot analysis. Differential analysis identified 17 lactylation-related genes enriched in pathways such as AMPK signaling and cellular senescence. COX regression analysis identified five risk genes: KIF2C, MKI67, HMGA1, PFKP, and CCNA2. Validation with single-cell RNA sequencing data revealed high expression levels of these genes in LUAD tissues and the LUAD cell line H1299. Functional validation revealed that the 5 genes panel significantly regulates global lactylation modification in vitro.
Conclusion: LUAD tissues exhibit elevated lactylation levels, suggesting their potential as prognostic biomarkers. The identified genes—KIF2C, MKI67, HMGA1, PFKP, and CCNA2—are highly expressed in cancerous tissues and correlate with LUAD prognosis. These findings highlight their value as tumor biomarkers and therapeutic targets, offering new opportunities for targeted LUAD treatments.
Keywords: lactylation, LUAD, single-cell sequencing, prognostic signature