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已发表论文
疫苗作为对抗抗菌素耐药性（AMR）的潜在前沿武器：专题综述
Authors Patil S , Singh I, Verma IK, Kumar A, Sharma J, Ratn A, Dhakad MS, Sharma D
Received 4 June 2025
Accepted for publication 12 September 2025
Published 20 September 2025 Volume 2025:18 Pages 5023—5041
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S544665
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 4
Editor who approved publication: Dr Hemant Joshi
Sandip Patil,1,2 Indu Singh,3,4 Indira Kumari Verma,5 Anil Kumar,6 Juhi Sharma,7 Arun Ratn,8 Megh Singh Dhakad,9 Divakar Sharma4
1Department of Haematology and Oncology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, 518038, People’s Republic of China; 2Paediatric Research Institute, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, 518038, People’s Republic of China; 3School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, 248002, India; 4Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to Be) University, Dehradun, 248002, India; 5Department of Microbiology, Shri Kalyan Government Medical College, Sikar, 332001, India; 6Department of Microbiology, Veer Chandra Singh Garhwali Government Institute of Medical Science and Research, Srinagar, 246174, India; 7School of Life Science, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, India; 8Department of Zoology, Sanatan Dharm College, Muzaffarnagar, 251001, India; 9Department of Microbiology, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospital, New Delhi, 110002, India
Correspondence: Divakar Sharma, Email divakarsharma88@gmail.com
Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a formidable global threat, undermining the efficacy of potent antibiotics and complicating the treatment of infectious diseases, which has attracted the attention of scientific communities to revisit vaccines as a potential candidate against these superbugs. Although vaccines dedicated to bacterial infections are substantially reducing antibiotic use and decreasing annual healthcare expenditures for drug-resistant infections. Therefore, the vaccine can potentially prevent bacterial infections, which ultimately reduces the use of antibiotics and limits the opportunity for the development of resistance. Specific vaccines are being developed specifically to target drug-resistant bacteria like multidrug-resistant bacteria of M. tuberculosis, E. coli, and S. aureus, which not only prevent their spread but also reduce the burden on healthcare systems. However, despite their immense potential, disparate challenges hamper the broader application of vaccines in combating AMR. The most prominent challenge is the restricted accessibility of vaccines for high-priority drug-resistant ESKAPE pathogens. The development of vaccines against these organisms has proven a complicated process due to antigenic variability, immune evasion mechanisms, and a lack of reliable animal models. Furthermore, economic hindrances and logistical barriers, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), pose serious hurdles to vaccine access and uptake. In the present review, crucial aspects of the vaccines have been emphasized that are directly correlated with the globalized AMR issues. Therefore, deployment of vaccine development and research against AMR is considered the cornerstone in AMR prevention, promoting balanced use of antibiotics, and ultimately mitigating the dissemination of resistant pathogens.
Keywords: antimicrobial resistance, AMR, antibiotics, drug-resistant pathogens, high priority bacteria, vaccines
1Department of Haematology and Oncology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, 518038, People’s Republic of China; 2Paediatric Research Institute, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, 518038, People’s Republic of China; 3School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, 248002, India; 4Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to Be) University, Dehradun, 248002, India; 5Department of Microbiology, Shri Kalyan Government Medical College, Sikar, 332001, India; 6Department of Microbiology, Veer Chandra Singh Garhwali Government Institute of Medical Science and Research, Srinagar, 246174, India; 7School of Life Science, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, India; 8Department of Zoology, Sanatan Dharm College, Muzaffarnagar, 251001, India; 9Department of Microbiology, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospital, New Delhi, 110002, India
Correspondence: Divakar Sharma, Email divakarsharma88@gmail.com
Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a formidable global threat, undermining the efficacy of potent antibiotics and complicating the treatment of infectious diseases, which has attracted the attention of scientific communities to revisit vaccines as a potential candidate against these superbugs. Although vaccines dedicated to bacterial infections are substantially reducing antibiotic use and decreasing annual healthcare expenditures for drug-resistant infections. Therefore, the vaccine can potentially prevent bacterial infections, which ultimately reduces the use of antibiotics and limits the opportunity for the development of resistance. Specific vaccines are being developed specifically to target drug-resistant bacteria like multidrug-resistant bacteria of M. tuberculosis, E. coli, and S. aureus, which not only prevent their spread but also reduce the burden on healthcare systems. However, despite their immense potential, disparate challenges hamper the broader application of vaccines in combating AMR. The most prominent challenge is the restricted accessibility of vaccines for high-priority drug-resistant ESKAPE pathogens. The development of vaccines against these organisms has proven a complicated process due to antigenic variability, immune evasion mechanisms, and a lack of reliable animal models. Furthermore, economic hindrances and logistical barriers, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), pose serious hurdles to vaccine access and uptake. In the present review, crucial aspects of the vaccines have been emphasized that are directly correlated with the globalized AMR issues. Therefore, deployment of vaccine development and research against AMR is considered the cornerstone in AMR prevention, promoting balanced use of antibiotics, and ultimately mitigating the dissemination of resistant pathogens.
Keywords: antimicrobial resistance, AMR, antibiotics, drug-resistant pathogens, high priority bacteria, vaccines