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已发表论文
生殖年龄女性的身体圆润度指数与妊娠期糖尿病风险：2007 - 2018 年美国国家健康与营养调查
Authors Shi S, Xie C, Xiao J , Liu Y, Cai S
Received 4 July 2025
Accepted for publication 10 September 2025
Published 20 September 2025 Volume 2025:17 Pages 3107—3118
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S551553
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 3
Editor who approved publication: Dr Matteo Frigerio
Siqi Shi,1 Chunying Xie,1 Jingjing Xiao,2 Yanling Liu,3 Shu Cai1
1School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Nursing, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Obstetrics, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Shu Cai, School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 283 Jianghai Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510310, People’s Republic of China, Email Caishu_keyan@163.com
Objective: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is closely related to obesity. This study investigated whether Body Roundness Index (BRI) is independently associated with GDM and compared its discriminative performance with BMI.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from the 2007– 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The study included 3,343 women aged 20– 44 years who had available data on BRI and GDM. Weighted logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were used to examine the association between BRI and GDM. Subgroup and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed to evaluate discriminative performance.
Results: Among the 3,343 women, 377 (11.3%) reported GDM. Adjusted weighted multivariate logistic regression showed a 39% increase in GDM risk per BRI unit rise (OR = 1.39; 95% CI: 1.19– 1.62; P < 0.0001). Subgroup analysis confirmed consistent correlation. RCS analysis revealed a nonlinear relationship at BRI = 3.55, significant below and above (P < 0.05). Based on ROC curve analysis, BRI (AUC = 0.608) was more effective in discriminating between women with and without GDM compared to BMI (AUC = 0.573).
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that elevated BRI is independently associated with GDM risk among US reproductive-aged women and shows superior discriminative performance to BMI. These findings highlight the potential value of BRI as an anthropometric indicator associated with GDM risk.
Keywords: body roundness index, gestational diabetes mellitus, abdominal obesity, cross-sectional study, NHANES
1School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Nursing, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Obstetrics, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Shu Cai, School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 283 Jianghai Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510310, People’s Republic of China, Email Caishu_keyan@163.com
Objective: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is closely related to obesity. This study investigated whether Body Roundness Index (BRI) is independently associated with GDM and compared its discriminative performance with BMI.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from the 2007– 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The study included 3,343 women aged 20– 44 years who had available data on BRI and GDM. Weighted logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were used to examine the association between BRI and GDM. Subgroup and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed to evaluate discriminative performance.
Results: Among the 3,343 women, 377 (11.3%) reported GDM. Adjusted weighted multivariate logistic regression showed a 39% increase in GDM risk per BRI unit rise (OR = 1.39; 95% CI: 1.19– 1.62; P < 0.0001). Subgroup analysis confirmed consistent correlation. RCS analysis revealed a nonlinear relationship at BRI = 3.55, significant below and above (P < 0.05). Based on ROC curve analysis, BRI (AUC = 0.608) was more effective in discriminating between women with and without GDM compared to BMI (AUC = 0.573).
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that elevated BRI is independently associated with GDM risk among US reproductive-aged women and shows superior discriminative performance to BMI. These findings highlight the potential value of BRI as an anthropometric indicator associated with GDM risk.
Keywords: body roundness index, gestational diabetes mellitus, abdominal obesity, cross-sectional study, NHANES