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已发表论文
中国东部多民族人群中 MNS 血型的分布及遗传特征研究
Authors Xu Z, Fang Z, Lu R, Jiang J, Xie S, Wang M, Jin Y, Liu Z
Received 18 May 2025
Accepted for publication 3 November 2025
Published 11 November 2025 Volume 2025:16 Pages 551—558
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/JBM.S538925
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 4
Editor who approved publication: Dr Martin H Bluth
Zihao Xu,1,* Zhihong Fang,2,* Rong Lu,1 Jia Jiang,1 Shuhong Xie,3 Mingyuan Wang,1 Yiming Jin,1 Zhen Liu1
1Department of Blood Screening Test, Suzhou Blood Center, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Laboratory Medicine, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3Division of Transfusion Medicine, Suzhou Blood Center, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Yiming Jin, Department of Blood Screening Test, Suzhou Blood Center, No. 355 Shizi Street, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China, Email 563479145@qq.com Zhen Liu, Department of Blood Screening Test, Suzhou Blood Center, No. 355 Shizi Street, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China, Email dongludemeng@163.com
Purpose: To investigate the distribution of antigen and allele frequencies of the MNS blood group system among multi-ethnic populations in East China, and to analyze the genetic polymorphism of uncommon phenotypes, thereby contributing to the enhancement of the regional blood type database.
Patients and Methods: A total of 8606 whole blood samples were randomly collected from voluntary blood donors in East China between October 2023 and June 2024. MNS blood group phenotypes were identified using serological methods, and allele frequencies were analyzed and compared across populations. Genetic sequencing was performed on samples with uncommon MNS phenotypes.
Results: The study primarily included the Han, Hui, and Manchu populations. Among the Han population, the most prevalent phenotypes were M+N+S-s+ (45.21%), M-N+S-s+ (25.94%), and M+N-S-s+ (19.84%), respectively. Phenotypic distributions in most other ethnic groups were comparable to that of the Han population, except for the Yi population, which showed a significantly different distribution (P < 0.05). Furthermore, a rare serological phenotype, S-s-, was identified with a frequency of 0.01%. The allele frequencies of the MNS blood group system among different population in East China were consistent with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: The MNS blood group system in East China’s multi-ethnic populations exhibits polymorphism and regional specificity. Notable allele frequency differences exist between certain minority populations and the Han population. Therefore, it is essential to enhance the development of a regional blood type database tailored to East China in order to support precise clinical transfusion with robust data, including informed pre-transfusion antibody screening for high-risk groups.
Keywords: MNS blood group, rare blood group, allele frequency, multi-ethnic populations
1Department of Blood Screening Test, Suzhou Blood Center, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Laboratory Medicine, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3Division of Transfusion Medicine, Suzhou Blood Center, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Yiming Jin, Department of Blood Screening Test, Suzhou Blood Center, No. 355 Shizi Street, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China, Email 563479145@qq.com Zhen Liu, Department of Blood Screening Test, Suzhou Blood Center, No. 355 Shizi Street, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China, Email dongludemeng@163.com
Purpose: To investigate the distribution of antigen and allele frequencies of the MNS blood group system among multi-ethnic populations in East China, and to analyze the genetic polymorphism of uncommon phenotypes, thereby contributing to the enhancement of the regional blood type database.
Patients and Methods: A total of 8606 whole blood samples were randomly collected from voluntary blood donors in East China between October 2023 and June 2024. MNS blood group phenotypes were identified using serological methods, and allele frequencies were analyzed and compared across populations. Genetic sequencing was performed on samples with uncommon MNS phenotypes.
Results: The study primarily included the Han, Hui, and Manchu populations. Among the Han population, the most prevalent phenotypes were M+N+S-s+ (45.21%), M-N+S-s+ (25.94%), and M+N-S-s+ (19.84%), respectively. Phenotypic distributions in most other ethnic groups were comparable to that of the Han population, except for the Yi population, which showed a significantly different distribution (P < 0.05). Furthermore, a rare serological phenotype, S-s-, was identified with a frequency of 0.01%. The allele frequencies of the MNS blood group system among different population in East China were consistent with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: The MNS blood group system in East China’s multi-ethnic populations exhibits polymorphism and regional specificity. Notable allele frequency differences exist between certain minority populations and the Han population. Therefore, it is essential to enhance the development of a regional blood type database tailored to East China in order to support precise clinical transfusion with robust data, including informed pre-transfusion antibody screening for high-risk groups.
Keywords: MNS blood group, rare blood group, allele frequency, multi-ethnic populations