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已发表论文
消化系统癌症疫苗的进展：临床试验的系统分析
Received 17 August 2025
Accepted for publication 22 October 2025
Published 11 November 2025 Volume 2025:17 Pages 2691—2703
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S561298
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 2
Editor who approved publication: Professor Seema Singh
Jianing Li,1 Peili Wang2
1Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, People’s Republic of China; 2Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Peili Wang, Email 191593690@qq.com
Purpose: Digestive system cancers, including gastric, liver, pancreatic, and colorectal cancers, are the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Conventional treatments, such as surgery and chemotherapy, have limited efficacy in the treatment of advanced digestive system cancers, necessitating the development of new and effective therapeutic strategies. This study review aimed to evaluate the potential of cancer vaccines in the treatment of digestive system cancers and explore the prospects for the clinical application of different vaccine types.
Methods: We analyzed data from clinical trials of cancer vaccines related to cancers of the digestive system. The screening criteria included data on the trial design, therapeutic targets, efficacy, and safety.
Results: A total of 165 clinical trials that met the inclusion criteria were screened, mainly investigating nucleic acid and peptide vaccines, with the largest number of vaccine studies targeting colorectal and pancreatic cancers. Trial results demonstrated that cancer vaccines have the potential to treat cancers of the digestive system, with the particular advantages of enhancing immune responses and reducing tumor resistance.
Conclusion: Cancer vaccines, particularly nucleic acid and peptide vaccines, demonstrate potential as therapeutic interventions for digestive system cancers. Nucleic acid vaccines offer advantages in scalability and rapid design; however, they face limitations in delivery efficiency and immune activation. In contrast, peptide vaccines are safer and more stable than nucleic acid ones; however, they often elicit comparatively weaker immune responses. Therefore, it is essential to address platform-specific challenges. Future clinical trials should be strategically designed to evaluate and optimize these distinct platforms to accelerate their translation to clinical applications.
Keywords: digestive system cancers, cancer vaccine, clinical trials analysis, tumor immunotherapy, precision oncology
1Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, People’s Republic of China; 2Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Peili Wang, Email 191593690@qq.com
Purpose: Digestive system cancers, including gastric, liver, pancreatic, and colorectal cancers, are the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Conventional treatments, such as surgery and chemotherapy, have limited efficacy in the treatment of advanced digestive system cancers, necessitating the development of new and effective therapeutic strategies. This study review aimed to evaluate the potential of cancer vaccines in the treatment of digestive system cancers and explore the prospects for the clinical application of different vaccine types.
Methods: We analyzed data from clinical trials of cancer vaccines related to cancers of the digestive system. The screening criteria included data on the trial design, therapeutic targets, efficacy, and safety.
Results: A total of 165 clinical trials that met the inclusion criteria were screened, mainly investigating nucleic acid and peptide vaccines, with the largest number of vaccine studies targeting colorectal and pancreatic cancers. Trial results demonstrated that cancer vaccines have the potential to treat cancers of the digestive system, with the particular advantages of enhancing immune responses and reducing tumor resistance.
Conclusion: Cancer vaccines, particularly nucleic acid and peptide vaccines, demonstrate potential as therapeutic interventions for digestive system cancers. Nucleic acid vaccines offer advantages in scalability and rapid design; however, they face limitations in delivery efficiency and immune activation. In contrast, peptide vaccines are safer and more stable than nucleic acid ones; however, they often elicit comparatively weaker immune responses. Therefore, it is essential to address platform-specific challenges. Future clinical trials should be strategically designed to evaluate and optimize these distinct platforms to accelerate their translation to clinical applications.
Keywords: digestive system cancers, cancer vaccine, clinical trials analysis, tumor immunotherapy, precision oncology