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已发表论文
miR-34 通过抗病毒免疫和肿瘤抑制在病毒相关肿瘤中的双重调控及临床应用
Authors Pan Y , Shi S, Li J, Li Z, Li D
Received 22 July 2025
Accepted for publication 9 October 2025
Published 26 November 2025 Volume 2025:19 Pages 10519—10545
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/DDDT.S555499
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 2
Editor who approved publication: Professor Anastasios Lymperopoulos
Yuanming Pan,1,* Shanzhe Shi,2,* Jiao Li,2,* Zhiqi Li,1 Dongmei Li2
1Cancer Research Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, 101149, People’s Republic of China; 2Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases/NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi City, Xinjiang, 832003, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Yuanming Pan, Cancer Research Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, No. 9 Beiguan Street, Tongzhou District, Beijing, 101149, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86 10 89509372, Email peterfpan2020@mail.ccmu.edu.cn Dongmei Li, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, No. 211 Beisi Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 993 2057882, Email lidong_abc@126.com
Abstract: miR-34, as an important class of microRNA, plays a dual regulatory role in host antiviral immunity and tumor suppression. Its unique mechanism targeting both viruses and tumors demonstrates significant potential for synergistic therapeutic applications. During viral infection, miR-34 enhances host immune responses by regulating interferon signaling pathways to target IRF3 phosphorylation and NF-κB activation, which leads to the viral replication suppression. In tumor prevention and treatment, miR-34 acts as a downstream effector of the p53 signaling pathway, inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by inhibiting Cyclin D1 and promoting Bax expression, exhibiting the tumor-suppressive roles. Additionally, miR-34 plays a key role in the interactions between viruses and hosts, as well as tumors and the microenvironment, by balancing the expression of inflammatory factors (eg, IL-6, TNF-α). Although miR-34 has shown significant potential in preclinical studies, its clinical application still faces challenges such as low drug delivery efficiency, off-target effects, and safety concerns. Notably, miR-34 mimics have demonstrated potential in tumor trials to restore tumor suppressor functions, offering the promising and novel strategies for combined anti-viral and anti-tumor therapies. In the future, through multi-omics integration, the development of novel nano-delivery systems, and multicenter clinical trials, miR-34 is expected to become a crucial target for viral prevention and precision tumor therapy.
Keywords: MiR-34, viral infection, tumor suppression, immune regulation, precision therapy
1Cancer Research Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, 101149, People’s Republic of China; 2Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases/NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi City, Xinjiang, 832003, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Yuanming Pan, Cancer Research Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, No. 9 Beiguan Street, Tongzhou District, Beijing, 101149, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86 10 89509372, Email peterfpan2020@mail.ccmu.edu.cn Dongmei Li, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, No. 211 Beisi Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 993 2057882, Email lidong_abc@126.com
Abstract: miR-34, as an important class of microRNA, plays a dual regulatory role in host antiviral immunity and tumor suppression. Its unique mechanism targeting both viruses and tumors demonstrates significant potential for synergistic therapeutic applications. During viral infection, miR-34 enhances host immune responses by regulating interferon signaling pathways to target IRF3 phosphorylation and NF-κB activation, which leads to the viral replication suppression. In tumor prevention and treatment, miR-34 acts as a downstream effector of the p53 signaling pathway, inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by inhibiting Cyclin D1 and promoting Bax expression, exhibiting the tumor-suppressive roles. Additionally, miR-34 plays a key role in the interactions between viruses and hosts, as well as tumors and the microenvironment, by balancing the expression of inflammatory factors (eg, IL-6, TNF-α). Although miR-34 has shown significant potential in preclinical studies, its clinical application still faces challenges such as low drug delivery efficiency, off-target effects, and safety concerns. Notably, miR-34 mimics have demonstrated potential in tumor trials to restore tumor suppressor functions, offering the promising and novel strategies for combined anti-viral and anti-tumor therapies. In the future, through multi-omics integration, the development of novel nano-delivery systems, and multicenter clinical trials, miR-34 is expected to become a crucial target for viral prevention and precision tumor therapy.
Keywords: MiR-34, viral infection, tumor suppression, immune regulation, precision therapy