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已发表论文
亚临床微血管缺陷作为非病理性高度近视功能损害的潜在生物标志物：横断面研究
Authors Chen Q, Liu J , Yan W , Meng Q, Chen X, Zeng Z, Sheng Y, Zhong H
Received 25 August 2025
Accepted for publication 1 December 2025
Published 9 December 2025 Volume 2025:19 Pages 4505—4523
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/OPTH.S563107
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 2
Editor who approved publication: Dr John Miller
Qin Chen,1,* Jing Liu,1,* Wen Yan,2 Qingwei Meng,2,3 Xi Chen,1 Zhu Zeng,1 Ye Sheng,2 Hua Zhong2
1Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Ophthalmology, HeiLongJiang Sengong Red Cross General Hospital, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Hua Zhong, Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, People’s Republic of China, Email zhoculist@163.com Qin Chen, Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People’s Republic of China, Email chenqin@jsph.org.cn
Purpose: Myopia causes retinal structural and microvascular alterations, impairing visual function. This study examined macular vessel density using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and its relationship with macular light sensitivity (MLS) in myopic eyes, particularly in extreme myopia, to determine if vessel density can serve as an early marker for detection and monitoring of functional changes.
Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study included 283 myopic eyes (age 18-60 years) grouped into low/moderate (LM&MM: − 0.50D ≥ SE > − 6.00D), high (HM: SE − 6.00D to − 10.00D), and extremely high myopia (EHM: SE ≤− 10.00D). All eyes underwent OCT and OCTA (6 × 6mm macular scans) to measure retinal and ganglion cell complex thicknesses and superficial (SVD) and deep vessel densities (DVD), as well as MP-1 microperimetry to assess MLS in central and parafoveal regions. Key outcome parameters were SVD, DVD, GCCT, and MLS.
Results: Macular SVD, DVD, and MLS decreased with increasing myopia severity (p < 0.01). Extremely myopic eyes had significantly lower SVD (47.37 vs 49.57), DVD (52.33 vs 55.55), and MLS (18.54 dB vs 19.24 dB) than low/moderate myopia eyes (all p < 0.01). These reductions were significant in most parafoveal quadrants, sparing the central foveal area (for vessel density) and nasal quadrant (for sensitivity). DVD correlated positively with MLS, especially in EHM and in the overall cohort, whereas SVD showed more limited correlations, primarily in the superior and temporal sectors. Multivariate regression identified DVD as an independent predictor of MLS, alongside SE and axial length.
Conclusion: Macular vessel density, particularly in the deep vascular plexus, declines with greater myopia and correlates with diminished macular function. OCTA-derived macular vessel density could be a promising biomarker candidate for early detection and monitoring of retinal functional impairment in myopic eyes.
Keywords: myopia, microperimeter, macular light sensitivity, macular vessel density
1Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Ophthalmology, HeiLongJiang Sengong Red Cross General Hospital, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Hua Zhong, Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, People’s Republic of China, Email zhoculist@163.com Qin Chen, Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People’s Republic of China, Email chenqin@jsph.org.cn
Purpose: Myopia causes retinal structural and microvascular alterations, impairing visual function. This study examined macular vessel density using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and its relationship with macular light sensitivity (MLS) in myopic eyes, particularly in extreme myopia, to determine if vessel density can serve as an early marker for detection and monitoring of functional changes.
Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study included 283 myopic eyes (age 18-60 years) grouped into low/moderate (LM&MM: − 0.50D ≥ SE > − 6.00D), high (HM: SE − 6.00D to − 10.00D), and extremely high myopia (EHM: SE ≤− 10.00D). All eyes underwent OCT and OCTA (6 × 6mm macular scans) to measure retinal and ganglion cell complex thicknesses and superficial (SVD) and deep vessel densities (DVD), as well as MP-1 microperimetry to assess MLS in central and parafoveal regions. Key outcome parameters were SVD, DVD, GCCT, and MLS.
Results: Macular SVD, DVD, and MLS decreased with increasing myopia severity (p < 0.01). Extremely myopic eyes had significantly lower SVD (47.37 vs 49.57), DVD (52.33 vs 55.55), and MLS (18.54 dB vs 19.24 dB) than low/moderate myopia eyes (all p < 0.01). These reductions were significant in most parafoveal quadrants, sparing the central foveal area (for vessel density) and nasal quadrant (for sensitivity). DVD correlated positively with MLS, especially in EHM and in the overall cohort, whereas SVD showed more limited correlations, primarily in the superior and temporal sectors. Multivariate regression identified DVD as an independent predictor of MLS, alongside SE and axial length.
Conclusion: Macular vessel density, particularly in the deep vascular plexus, declines with greater myopia and correlates with diminished macular function. OCTA-derived macular vessel density could be a promising biomarker candidate for early detection and monitoring of retinal functional impairment in myopic eyes.
Keywords: myopia, microperimeter, macular light sensitivity, macular vessel density